Survival for HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with surgical versus non-surgical treatment approach: A systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Oral oncology Vol. 86; pp. 121 - 131
• Main Authors: Sinha, Parul, Karadaghy, Omar A., Doering, Michelle M., Tuuli, Methodius G., Jackson, Ryan S., Haughey, Bruce H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2018
• Subjects: Alphapapillomavirus - isolation & purification; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - therapy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - virology; Human papillomavirus; Humans; Meta-analysis; Non-surgery; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms - pathology; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms - therapy; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms - virology; Oropharynx carcinoma; P16 gene; Papillomavirus Infections - pathology; Papillomavirus Infections - therapy; Papillomavirus Infections - virology; Surgery; Survival Analysis; Systematic review; Therapy; Therapy; Human papillomavirus; Oropharynx carcinoma; Surgery; P16 gene; Non-surgery; Systematic review; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 1368-8375; 1879-0593
• DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.09.018

•Systematic review of 73 studies on HPV-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma outcomes.•No meaningful survival difference with surgical versus non-surgical approach.•Absence of high-quality data on survival from surgical versus non-surgical approach.•HPV-positivity remains a key prognostic factor irrespective of treatment modality. The optimal management of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) with primary surgical versus non-surgical treatment is unclear. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature and compare survival for primary surgical versus non-surgical treatment of HPV-positive OPSCC. We performed a comprehensive literature search of multiple electronic databases for relevant articles up to February, 2017. Studies reporting mortality or hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS) in primary HPV-positive OPSCC patients were eligible. Seventy-three articles were eligible, of which 66 included single-modality (19 surgical, 47 non-surgical), and 7 included both surgical and non-surgical modalities. There were no randomized studies comparing outcomes between both modalities. In a meta-analysis of both-modality studies, OS with surgical treatment was not significantly different from non-surgical treatment (pooled HR 1.12; 95% CI: 0.35, 3.57). There was significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 82.4%). Among single-modality studies, the mortality rate was lower with surgical [pooled proportion 0.15 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.21)] versus non-surgical treatment [0.20 (95% CI:0.15, 0.24)]. In a subgroup analysis, OS was higher for HPV-positive versus HPV-negative OPSCC, irrespective of the treatment modality. We conclude that there is an absence of high-quality studies that compare survival for HPV-positive OPSCC treated with primary surgical versus non-surgical approach. The available data suggest no statistical or clinically meaningful difference in survival between the two approaches. HPV-positivity was a key prognostic factor irrespective of treatment modality. Further high-quality studies with consistent data reporting are needed to inform the choice for optimal treatment modality for HPV-positive OPSCC.