Thermal desorption diagnostics in the Uragan-2M stellarator

• Published in: Fusion engineering and design Vol. 170; p. 112716
• Main Authors: Glazunov, G.P., Baron, D.I., Maznichenko, S.M., Moiseenko, V.E., Bondarenko, M.N., Gnidenko, M.V., Gribanov, V.Yu, Konotopskiy, A.L., Kovtun, Yu.V., Kozulya, M.M., Yu Krasyuk, A., Listopad, V.M., Limar, N.V., Lozin, A.V., Ozherelev, F.I., Pashnev, V.K., Pavlichenko, R.O., Ponomarenko, N.P., Syusko, E.V., Lyssoivan, A.I., Wauters, T., Goriaev, A., Garkusha, I.E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.09.2021; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Argon plasma; Cleaning; Desorption; Discharge cleaning; Glow discharges; Hydrogen; Molecular layers; Outgassing; Outgassing in vacuum; Plasmas (physics); Position measurement; Radio frequency; Stainless steel; Stainless steels; Stellarator Uragan-2M; Thermal desorption diagnostics; Vacuum chambers; Wall conditions; Outgassing in vacuum; Stellarator Uragan-2M; Molecular layers; Wall conditions; Discharge cleaning; Thermal desorption diagnostics
• ISSN: 0920-3796; 1873-7196; 1873-7196
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112716

•The improved thermal desorption diagnostics have been developed and tested in the Uragan-2M stellarator.•Using this diagnostics and mass-spectrometric method it was shown that hydrogen can be the one of the main gases which desorbs at the temperature of 250-300°C after discharge cleaning in hydrogen atmosphere.•Glow discharge cleaning with Ar plasma leads to Ar noticeable desorption from the stainless steel. Two kinds of desorbed Ar were registered with two different thermal desorption activation energies. The improved thermal desorption diagnostics has been manufactured, installed and tested in the Uragan-2M (U-2M) stellarator [1-5] for in-situ characterisation a stainless steel (SS) wall outgassing rate and a number of molecular layers of residual gases on its surface in four different positions. The detailed description of this diagnostics, the location of thermal desorption stainless steel probes, the methodology of determining the outgassing rates and the number of molecular layers of residual gases on the probe surfaces are presented. It has been found that the difference between of the data taken from the probes being at different position in the U-2M vacuum chamber lies within the measurement accuracy. Using the present diagnostics together with the mass-spectrometer measurements, some studies were made to investigate the release of gases from the thermal desorption probes before and after radio frequency (RF) or glow discharge (GD) cleaning with hydrogen, helium and argon plasmas. It has been observed that hydrogen sorption by the SS probes surface during the discharge cleaning leads to significant hydrogen desorption even at the temperature of 250-300°C. In this case, hydrogen can be the one of the main gases which desorbs. After U-2M glow discharge cleaning with Ar plasma, the thermal desorption experiment has shown Ar as a significant component which is desorbed from the SS probe surface. Two kinds of desorbed Ar were registered with two different activation energies. The characteristics of the U-2M vacuum system are presented, too, including the block scheme, the list of pumps used to attain the ultimate vacuum, the equipment for measuring the total and partial pressures of residual gases.