In Vitro Sensitivity of Cutaneous Leishmania Promastigote Isolates Circulating in French Guiana to a Set of Drugs

• Published in: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene Vol. 96; no. 5; pp. 1143 - 1150
• Main Authors: Ginouvès, Marine, Simon, Stéphane, Nacher, Mathieu, Demar, Magalie, Carme, Bernard, Couppié, Pierre, Prévot, Ghislaine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 03.05.2017; The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
• Subjects: Amphotericin B - pharmacology; Antiprotozoal Agents - pharmacology; Azithromycin - pharmacology; Drug Resistance; Fluconazole - pharmacology; Humans; Leishmania braziliensis - drug effects; Leishmania braziliensis - growth & development; Leishmania braziliensis - isolation & purification; Leishmania guyanensis - drug effects; Leishmania guyanensis - growth & development; Leishmania guyanensis - isolation & purification; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - drug therapy; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology; Life Sciences; Meglumine - pharmacology; Organometallic Compounds - pharmacology; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; Paromomycin - pharmacology; Pentamidine - pharmacology; Phosphorylcholine - analogs & derivatives; Phosphorylcholine - pharmacology; Santé publique et épidémiologie; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0002-9637; 1476-1645
• DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0373

AbstractAnti-leishmaniasis drug resistance is a common problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to inventory the general in vitro level of sensitivity of isolates circulating in French Guiana and to highlight potential in vitro pentamidine-resistant isolates. This sensitivity study was conducted on 36 patient-promastigote isolates for seven drugs (amphotericin B, azithromycin, fluconazole, meglumine antimoniate, miltefosine, paromomycin, and pentamidine) using the Cell Counting Kit-8 viability test. The IC values obtained were heterogeneous. One isolate exhibited high IC values for almost all drugs tested. Pentamidine, which is the first-line treatment in French Guiana, showed efficacy at very low doses (mean of 0.0038 μg/mL). The concordance of the in vitro pentamidine results with the patients' clinical outcomes was 94% ( = 0.82).