Flash flood forecasting: What are the limits of predictability?

Flash floods may occur suddenly and be accompanied by other hazards such as landslides, mud flows, damage to infrastructure and even death. In the UK such events are comparatively rare occurring on average only once or twice per year. Warning systems must depend upon the accurate real‐time provision...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inQuarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society Vol. 133; no. 622; pp. 3 - 23
Main Author Collier, C. G.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.01.2007
Wiley
Subjects
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
ensembles
Exact sciences and technology
External geophysics
Freshwater
hydrological forecasts
Meteorology
Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc
numerical models
radar
risk assessment
Weather analysis and prediction
United Kingdom
Western Europe
British Isles
floods
risk assessment
rainfall
Weather forecast
Flash flood
hydrology
atmospheric precipitation
Europe
Real time system
radar
climate modification
extreme value
Predictability
numerical models
Numerical forecast
Warning system
Risk management
Natural hazards
hydrological forecasts
Data assimilation
ensembles
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Summary:Flash floods may occur suddenly and be accompanied by other hazards such as landslides, mud flows, damage to infrastructure and even death. In the UK such events are comparatively rare occurring on average only once or twice per year. Warning systems must depend upon the accurate real‐time provision of rainfall information, high‐resolution numerical weather forecasts and the operation of hydrological model systems in addition to forecast delivery procedures not discussed in this paper. In this paper we review how flash floods are forecast considering the limitations and uncertainty involved in both the meteorological and hydrological aspects of forecasting systems. Data assimilation and the use of ensembles are both key elements across disciplines. Assessing the susceptibility of river catchments to extreme flooding is considered, and statistical methods of estimating the likelihood of extreme rainfall and floods within a changing climate are examined. Ways of constraining flash flood forecasts are noted as one way to improve forecast performance in the future. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
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ISSN:0035-9009
1477-870X
DOI:10.1002/qj.29