Risk factors for infection by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary hospital in Salvador, Brazil

• Published in: The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases Vol. 10; no. 3; pp. 191 - 193
• Main Authors: Silva, Nanci, Oliveira, Márcio, Bandeira, Antonio Carlos, Brites, Carlos
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases 01.06.2006; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; bacterial resistance; beta-Lactam Resistance; beta-Lactamases - biosynthesis; Brazil - epidemiology; Case-Control Studies; Cross Infection - epidemiology; Cross Infection - microbiology; ESBL; Female; Humans; INFECTIOUS DISEASES; Klebsiella Infections - microbiology; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Klebsiella pneumoniae - drug effects; Klebsiella pneumoniae - enzymology; Klebsiella pneumoniae - isolation & purification; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Multivariate Analysis; Nosocomial infections; Risk Factors; Brazil; ESBL; Nosocomial infections; bacterial resistance; Klebsiella pneumoniae
• ISSN: 1413-8670; 1678-4391
• DOI: 10.1590/S1413-86702006000300007

Nosocomial infection caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) have been frequently reported worldwide. We have no information on such problems in Bahia, Brazil. Evaluate the risk factors for nosocomial infections caused by ESBL-Kp, in a tertiary hospital, in Bahia, Brazil. We evaluated all reported cases of nosocomial infections caused by ESBL-Kp in a private, tertiary hospital, in Salvador, Brazil, from 2000 through 2004. We compared patients with a diagnosis of ESBL-Kp (cases) and patients infected by non-ESBL producing K. pneumoniae (controls). Mean age, underlying disease, and frequency of invasive procedures were compared between the two groups. History of previous use of antibiotics was also analyzed. Based on multivariate analysis, previous use of antibiotics, diagnosis of malignant diseases, and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for acquisition of ESBL-Kp infection. No correlation was found for age, use of corticosteroids, diagnosis of chronic renal failure or AIDS, and infection by ESBL-Kp. Our findings suggest that the use of antibiotics or underlying disease that increases the chance of antibiotic are the main risk factors for ESBL-Kp infections. Programs focusing on rational use of antibiotics are mandatory for prevention and control of such infections.