The Be Star 66 Ophiuchi: 60 Years of Disk Evolution

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal Vol. 912; no. 1; pp. 76 - 90
• Main Authors: Marr, K. C., Jones, C. E., Carciofi, A. C., Rubio, A. C., Mota, B. C., Ghoreyshi, M. R., Hatfield, D. W., Rímulo, L. R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01.05.2021; IOP Publishing
• Subjects: Astrophysics; B stars; Be stars; Circumstellar disks; Circumstellar gas; Density; Early-type stars; Emission line stars; H alpha line; Line spectra; Markov chains; Monte Carlo simulation; Polarization; Spectral energy distribution; Spectroscopy; Starlight polarization; Stars & galaxies; Stellar evolution; Viscosity
• ISSN: 0004-637X; 1538-4357
• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abed4c

Abstract We use a time-dependent hydrodynamic code and a non-LTE Monte Carlo code to model disk dissipation for the Be star 66 Ophiuchi. We compiled 63 years of observations from 1957 to 2020 to encompass the complete history of the growth and subsequent dissipation of the star’s disk. Our models are constrained by new and archival photometry, spectroscopy, and polarization observations, allowing us to model the disk dissipation event. Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, we find that the properties of 66 Oph are consistent with those of a standard B2Ve star. We computed a grid of 61,568 Be star disk models to constrain the density profile of the disk before dissipation using observations of the H α line profile and spectral energy distribution. We find at the onset of dissipation the disk has a base density of 2.5 × 10 −11 g cm −3 with a radial power-law index of n = 2.6. Our models indicate that after 21 yr of disk dissipation 66 Oph’s outer disk remained present and bright in the radio. We find an isothermal disk with constant viscosity with an α = 0.4 and an outer disk radius of ∼115 stellar radii best reproduces the rate of 66 Oph’s disk dissipation. We determined the interstellar polarization in the direction of the star in the V band is p = 0.63 ± 0.02% with a polarization position angle of θ IS ≈ 857 ± 07. Using the Stokes QU diagram, we find the intrinsic polarization position angle of 66 Oph’s disk is θ int ≈ 98° ± 3°.