Recovery of Platinum from a Spent Automotive Catalyst through Chloride Leaching and Solvent Extraction

• Published in: Recycling (Basel) Vol. 6; no. 2; p. 27
• Main Authors: Méndez, Ana, Nogueira, Carlos A., Paiva, Ana Paula
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 2021
• Subjects: Automobiles; Automotive parts; Calcium chloride; Catalysts; Catalytic converters; cerium; Chloride; chloride media; Emission control equipment; End of life; Exhaust systems; Heavy metals; Hydrochloric acid; Hydrogen chloride; hydrometallurgical recovery; Hydrometallurgy; Leaching; liquid-liquid extraction; Metallurgy; Metals; Particle size; Platinum; platinum-group metals (PGMs); Solvent extraction; Solvent extraction processes; Solvents; Sustainability; thiodiglycolamide derivative; Toluene; South Africa; Russia
• ISSN: 2313-4321; 2313-4321
• DOI: 10.3390/recycling6020027

Considering economics and environmental sustainability, recycling of critical metals from end-of-life devices should be a priority. In this work the hydrometallurgical treatment of a spent automotive catalytic converter (SACC) using HCl with CaCl2 as a leaching medium, and solvent extraction (SX) with a thiodiglycolamide derivative, is reported. The aim was to develop a leaching scheme allowing high Pt recoveries and minimizing Al dissolution, facilitating the application of SX. The replacement of part of HCl by CaCl2 in the leaching step is viable, without compromising Pt recovery (in the range 75–85%), as found for the mixture 2 M CaCl2 + 8 M HCl when compared to 11.6 M HCl. All leaching media showed good potential to recover Ce, particularly for higher reaction times and temperatures. Regarding SX, results achieved with a model solution were promising, but SX for Pt separation from the real SACC solution did not work as expected. For the adopted experimental conditions, the tested thiodiglycolamide derivative in toluene revealed a very good loading performance for both Pt and Fe, but Fe removal and Pt stripping from the organic phases after contact with the SACC solution were not successfully accomplished. Hence, the reutilization of the organic solvent needs improvement.