In-situ CO2 capture in a pilot-scale fluidized-bed membrane reformer for ultra-pure hydrogen production

• Published in: International journal of hydrogen energy Vol. 36; no. 6; pp. 4038 - 4055
• Main Authors: Andrés, Mahecha-Botero, Boyd, Tony, Grace, John R., Jim Lim, C., Gulamhusein, Ali, Wan, Brian, Kurokawa, Hideto, Shirasaki, Yoshinori
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2011; Elsevier
• Subjects: Alternative fuels. Production and utilization; Applied sciences; Carbon capture and storage; Energy; Exact sciences and technology; Fluidized-bed membrane reactor; Fuels; Hydrogen; Membranes; Sorption-enhancement; Steam methane reforming; Membranes; Fluidized-bed membrane reactor; Carbon capture and storage; Hydrogen; Sorption-enhancement; Steam methane reforming; Methane; Fluidized bed reactor; Experimental test; Calcium; Purifying; Carbon dioxide; CO2 sequestration; Palladium; Carbon sequestration; Sorption; Thermodynamics; Membrane; Steam reforming; Sorbent; Catalyst; Natural gas; Hydrogen production; Fluidized bed
• ISSN: 0360-3199; 1879-3487
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.09.091

A novel pilot fluidized-bed membrane reformer (FBMR) with permselective palladium membranes was operated with a limestone sorbent to remove CO2in-situ, thereby shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium to enhance pure hydrogen production. The reactor was fed with methane to fluidize a mixture of calcium oxide (CaO)/limestone (CaCO3) and a Ni-alumina catalyst. Experimental tests investigated the influence of limestone loading, total membrane area and natural gas feed rates. Hydrogen-permeate to feed methane molar ratios in excess of 1.9 were measured. This value could increase further if additional membrane area were installed or by purifying the reformer off-gas given its high hydrogen content, especially during the carbonation stages. A maximum of 0.19 mol of CO2 were adsorbed per mole of CaO during carbonation. For the conditions studied, the maximum carbon capture efficiency was 87%. The reformer operated for up to 30 min without releasing CO2 and for up to 240 min with some degree of CO2 capture. It was demonstrated that CO2 adsorption can significantly improve the productivity of the reforming process. In-situ CO2 capture enhanced the production of hydrogen whose purity exceeded 99.99%. ► CO2 capture and hydrogen selective membranes combined in a pilot plant. ► High purity hydrogen production for fuel cells.