Gas and gas-generating nanoplatforms in cancer therapy

Gas therapy is the usage of certain gases with special therapeutic effects for the treatment of diseases. Hydrogen (H 2 ), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) acting as gas signalling molecules are representative gases in cancer therapy. They act directly on mitocho...

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Published inJournal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine Vol. 9; no. 41; pp. 8541 - 8557
Main Authors Jing, Yuan-Zhe, Li, Shu-Jin, Sun, Zhi-Jun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Royal Society of Chemistry 27.10.2021
Subjects
Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Apoptosis
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Carbon monoxide
Carbon Monoxide - chemistry
Carbon Monoxide - pharmacology
Controlled release
Gases
Gases - chemistry
Gases - pharmacology
Humans
Hydrogen - chemistry
Hydrogen - pharmacology
Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen Sulfide - chemistry
Hydrogen Sulfide - pharmacology
Macrophages
Microenvironments
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Nanotechnology
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Neoplasms - metabolism
Nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide - chemistry
Nitric Oxide - pharmacology
Phenotypes
Side effects
Therapy
Tumor microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:Gas therapy is the usage of certain gases with special therapeutic effects for the treatment of diseases. Hydrogen (H 2 ), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) acting as gas signalling molecules are representative gases in cancer therapy. They act directly on mitochondria or nuclei to lead to cell apoptosis. They can also alleviate immuno-suppression in the tumour microenvironment and promote phenotype conversion of tumour-associated macrophages. Moreover, the combination of gas therapy and other traditional therapy methods can reduce side effects and improve therapeutic efficacy. Here, we discuss the roles of NO, CO, H 2 S and H 2 in cancer biology. Considering the rapidly developing nanotechnology, gas-generating nanoplatforms which can achieve targeted delivery and controlled release were also discussed. Finally, we highlight the current challenges and future opportunities of gas-based cancer therapy. Gas-generating nanoplatforms have promising therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.
Bibliography:Dr Zhi-Jun Sun received his doctoral degree from Wuhan University in 2006 and was a visiting postdoctoral fellow at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda (2009-2012). He is working as a professor (2013 to present) at Wuhan University. He has published more than 130 peer-reviewed articles, and his research interests include the mechanism of tumor immune evasion and the use of nanomaterials to enhance anti-tumor immunity.
Yuan-Zhe Jing was born in Beijing, China, in 1994. She received her master's degree from Wuhan University in 2021 under the guidance of Prof. Zhi-Jun Sun. Presently her research interest is focused on gas therapy and gas-generating nanoplatforms in cancer therapy.
Shu-Jin Li was born in Jiangsu, China, in 1998. He received his BS degree (2021) in Stomatology from Wuhan University. He is currently a PhD student working under Prof. Zhi-Jun Sun's supervision at Wuhan University. His current research focuses on improving the efficacy of immuno-checkpoint inhibitors in oral cancer.
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ISSN:2050-750X
2050-7518
DOI:10.1039/d1tb01661j