Beyond the β‐amino alcohols framework: identification of novel β‐hydroxy pyridinium salt‐decorated pterostilbene derivatives as bacterial virulence factor inhibitors

• Published in: Pest management science Vol. 80; no. 8; pp. 4098 - 4109
• Main Authors: Qi, Pu‐Ying, Zhang, Tai‐Hong, Yang, Yi‐Ke, Liang, Hong, Feng, Yu‐Mei, Wang, Na, Ding, Zheng‐Hao, Xiang, Hong‐Mei, Zhou, Xiang, Liu, Li‐Wei, Jin, Lin‐Hong, Li, Xiang‐Yang, Yang, Song
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.08.2024; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Agrochemicals; Alcohols; Antibacterial activity; antibacterial properties; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Bacteria; Bacterial diseases; Bacterial infections; biofilm; Biofilms; Biological activity; cations; electron microscopy; Gene expression; Gentian violet; Inhibitors; Leaf blight; median effective concentration; Persistent infection; Pesticides; Plant bacterial diseases; Plant diseases; Polyphenols; pterostilbene; pterostilbene derivatives; Pyridinium; pyridinium cation; rice; Scanning electron microscopy; Swimming; Virulence; virulence factor inhibitors; Virulence factors; Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae; antibacterial activity; pyridinium cation; pterostilbene derivatives; virulence factor inhibitors
• ISSN: 1526-498X; 1526-4998; 1526-4998
• DOI: 10.1002/ps.8116

BACKGROUND Bacterial virulence factors are involved in various biological processes and mediate persistent bacterial infections. Focusing on virulence factors of phytopathogenic bacteria is an attractive strategy and crucial direction in pesticide discovery to prevent invasive and persistent bacterial infection. Hence, discovery and development of novel agrochemicals with high activity, low‐risk, and potent anti‐virulence is urgently needed to control plant bacterial diseases. RESULTS A series of novel β‐hydroxy pyridinium cation decorated pterostilbene derivatives were prepared and their antibacterial activities against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) were systematacially assessed. Among these pterostilbene derivatives, compound 4S exhibited the best antibacterial activity against Xoo in vitro, with an half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 0.28 μg mL−1. A series of biochemical assays including scanning electron microscopy, crystal violet staining, and analysis of biofilm formation, swimming motility, and related virulence factor gene expression levels demonstrated that compound 4S could function as a new anti‐virulence factor inhibitor by interfering with the bacterial infection process. Furthermore, the pot experiments provided convinced evidence that compound 4S had the high control efficacy (curative activity: 71.4%, protective activity: 72.6%), and could be used to effectively manage rice bacterial leaf blight in vivo. CONCLUSION Compounds 4S is an attractive virulence factor inhibitor with potential for application in treating plant bacterial diseases by suppressing production of several virulence factors. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. Novel β‐hydroxy pyridinium salts‐decorated pterostilbene derivatives were prepared. The target compound 4S showed the optimal antibacterial performance through suppressing the production of several virulence factors.