Factors Affecting Dietary Improvements in Elderly Residents of Long-Term Care Institutions Receiving Domiciliary Dental Care

Background: Oral disabilities occur due to tooth loss. This study aimed to investigate oral and systemic factors related to diet in elderly residents receiving domiciliary dental care. Methods: The subjects were 74 consenting residents. Survey items included whether subjects could eat independently...

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Published inMedicines (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 8; no. 11; p. 62
Main Authors Kikuchi, Hitomi, Komatsuzaki, Akira, Ono, Sachie, Sirono, Miwa, Motoi, Shiho, Iguchi, Asami, Susuga, Mio
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 21.10.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Activities of daily living
Dental care
Dentistry
denture wearing
Dentures
Diet
diet type
Edentulous
elderly residents
Food
Investigations
Long term health care
Meals
mouth rehabilitation
Nutrition research
Older people
Regression analysis
Rice
Statistical analysis
Teeth
Japan
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Summary:Background: Oral disabilities occur due to tooth loss. This study aimed to investigate oral and systemic factors related to diet in elderly residents receiving domiciliary dental care. Methods: The subjects were 74 consenting residents. Survey items included whether subjects could eat independently and diet type. Subjects were examined by the dentist for the number of teeth, occlusal support index, and wearing dentures. Contingency table analysis was performed to determine what levels of decline in general and oral functions led to difficulties eating a normal diet. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean number of activities of daily living (ADL) requiring assistance evident between subjects eating a normal diet and those eating fluid boiled rice (p < 0.01). A comparison of occlusal support and diet type showed that most subjects who ate a soft diet or gruel had no occlusal support. Almost all subjects who ate a normal diet wore dentures. However, only 38% of subjects eating a soft diet and 40% of those eating gruel did wear dentures; both group differences were significant (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Future studies need to further investigate oral factors related to the type of diet and their relationships to domiciliary dental care in older adults.
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ISSN:2305-6320
2305-6320
DOI:10.3390/medicines8110062