A meta‐analysis of forgiveness education interventions’ effects on forgiveness and anger in children and adolescents

Forgiveness education interventions instruct children and adolescents in understanding forgiveness and its role in healthy relationships. In this meta‐analytic review, 20 studies involving 1472 youth (51% female; Mage = 11.66) from 10 countries (studies: 40% North American, 25% East Asian, 20% Middl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inChild development Vol. 93; no. 5; pp. 1249 - 1269
Main Authors Rapp, Hannah, Wang Xu, Jiahe, Enright, Robert D.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wiley 01.09.2022
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Subjects
Adolescents
Altruism
Anger
Children
Conflict Resolution
Educational Methods
Emotions
Forgiveness
Interpersonal Relationship
Intervention
Meta-analysis
Outcomes of Education
Peace
Psychological Patterns
Youth
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Summary:Forgiveness education interventions instruct children and adolescents in understanding forgiveness and its role in healthy relationships. In this meta‐analytic review, 20 studies involving 1472 youth (51% female; Mage = 11.66) from 10 countries (studies: 40% North American, 25% East Asian, 20% Middle Eastern, 15% European) were retrieved to determine forgiveness education interventions’ effects on youth outcomes. Hedges’ g and confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess treatment effects. Findings suggest that forgiveness education interventions have a significant positive effect on forgiveness (g = 0.54, 95% CI [0.36, 0.73]) and anger (g = 0.29, 95% CI [0.11, 0.47]). Results lend support to the idea that children and adolescents who experience hurt from the unjust actions of others may benefit from learning about the process of forgiveness.
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ISSN:0009-3920
1467-8624
DOI:10.1111/cdev.13771