Ecological disturbances and abundance of anthropogenic pollutants in the aquatic ecosystem: Critical review of impact assessment on the aquatic animals

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 313; p. 137475
• Main Authors: Thanigaivel, Sundaram, Vickram, Sundaram, Dey, Nibedita, Jeyanthi, Palanivelu, Subbaiya, Ramasamy, Kim, Woong, Govarthanan, Muthusamy, Karmegam, Natchimuthu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2023
• Subjects: Animals; Anthropogenic toxins; Aquatic animals; Aquatic Organisms; Ecosystem; Environmental matrix; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Environmental Pollutants - analysis; Humans; Life cycle assessment; Microplastics; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Water Quality; Life cycle assessment; Environmental matrix; Microplastics; Anthropogenic toxins; Aquatic animals
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137475

Anthropogenic toxins are discharged into the environment and distributed through a variety of environmental matrices. Trace contaminant detection and analysis has advanced dramatically in recent decades, necessitating further specialized technique development. These pollutants can be mobile and persistent in small amounts in the environment, and ecological receptors will interact with it. Despite the fact that few researches have been undertaken on invertebrate exposure, accumulation, and biological implications, it is apparent that a wide range of pollutants can accumulate in the tissues of aquatic insects, earthworms, amphipod crustaceans, and mollusks. Due to long-term stability during long-distance transit, a number of chemical and microbiological agents that were not previously deemed pollutants have been found in various environmental compartments. The uptake of such pollutants by the aquatic organism is done through the process of bioaccumulation when dangerous compounds accumulate in living beings while biomagnification is the process of a pollutant becoming more hazardous as it moves up the trophic chain. Organic and metal pollution harms animals of every species studied so far, from bacteria to phyla in between. The environmental protection agency says these poisons harm humans as well as a variety of aquatic organisms when the water quality is sacrificed in typical wastewater treatment systems. Contrary to popular belief, treated effluents discharged into aquatic bodies contain considerable levels of Anthropogenic contaminants. This evolution necessitates a more robust and recent advancement in the field of remediation and their techniques to completely discharge the various organic and inorganic contaminants. [Display omitted] •Effect of emerging anthropogenic pollutants on the aquatic animals was reviewed.•Heavy metals and microplastics are most abundant anthropogenic pollutants.•Current LCA research in aquaculture has focused on the relative importance.•The source elimination pathways of anthropogenic contaminants are discussed.