Entomological studies of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in relation to cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in Al Rabta, North West of Libya

• Published in: Acta tropica Vol. 154; pp. 95 - 101
• Main Authors: Dokhan, Mostafa Ramahdan, Kenawy, Mohamed Amin, Doha, Said Abdallah, El-Hosary, Shabaan Said, Shaibi, Taher, Annajar, Badereddin Bashir
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.02.2016
• Subjects: Al Rabta; Animals; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Entomology; Female; Humans; Insect Vectors - physiology; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - epidemiology; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - transmission; Libya; Libya - epidemiology; Male; Phlebotomus - physiology; Psychodidae - physiology; Sand flies; Seasonal abundance; Seasons; Species composition; Temperature; Weather; Libya; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Seasonal abundance; Al Rabta; Species composition; Sand flies; Libya
• ISSN: 0001-706X; 1873-6254
• DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.11.004

[Display omitted] •9 spp. were reported, S. minuta and P. papatasi were abundant.•Sand fly abundance is affected by weather condition.•Flies had peaks of activity in June and September.•Abundance of P. papatasi and P. sergenti and higher cases of CL periods were coincided. Al Rabta in the North-West of Libya is a rural area where cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic for long time. Few reports are available on sand flies in this area which is an important focus of CL. Therefore, this study aimed at updating the species composition, and monthly fluctuation of sand flies in this area. Sand flies were biweekly collected by CDC light traps from June to November 2012 and April to November 2013 in two villages, Al Rabta East (RE) and Al Rabta West (RW). Nine species (6 Phlebotomus and 3 Sergentomyia) were reported in the two villages. A total of 5605 and 5446 flies were collected of which Phlebotomus represented 59.30 and 56.63% in RE and RW, respectively. Sergentomyia minuta and Phlebotomus papatasi were the abundant species. Generally, more males were collected than females for all species. The overall ratios (males: females) for most of species were not deviated from the expected 1:1 ratio (Chi-squared, P>0.05). Sand fly abundance (fly/trap) is directly related to the temperature and RH (P<0. 01) while it inversely related to wind velocity (P>0.05). Flies were active from April to November with increased activity from June to October. Prominent peaks were in September and June. The abundance of P. papatasi and Phlebotomus sergenti, vectors of CL (August–October) coincided with the reported higher numbers of CL cases (August– November). The obtained results could be important for the successful planning and implementation of leishmaniasis control programs.