Relevance of antibodies against the Chicken Anaemia Virus

• Published in: Developmental and comparative immunology Vol. 122; p. 104112
• Main Authors: Ingberman, Max, Caron, Luiz Felipe, Rigo, Fernanda, Araujo, Liliam C., de Almeida, Marco A.P., Dal Bérto, Letícia, Beirão, Breno Castello Branco
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2021; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Anemia; Animals; Antibodies; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Breeder; CD4 antigen; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; CD8 antigen; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Chicken anaemia virus; Chicken anemia virus - immunology; Chickens; Chickens - immunology; Circoviridae Infections - immunology; Circoviridae Infections - veterinary; Correlates of protection; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Hematocrit; Immunity, Maternally-Acquired - immunology; Immunization; Immunization, Passive; Infections; Juveniles; Maternal antibodies; Overdose; Poultry Diseases - immunology; Poultry Diseases - virology; Pregnancy; Serological tests; Thymus; Thymus gland; Thymus Gland - virology; Vaccination; Vaccination - veterinary; Vaccines; Vaccines, Attenuated - immunology; Viral Vaccines - immunology; Viruses; Breeder; Correlates of protection; D; Chicken anaemia virus; Maternal antibodies; Vaccination; SPF; CAV; qPCR; MDA; PFU
• ISSN: 0145-305X; 1879-0089
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104112

Chicken Infectious Anaemia (CIA) Virus (CAV) inhibits the function of multiple immune compartments. Mortality due to clinical infection is controlled in broilers by passive immunization derived from vaccinated breeders. Therefore, serological tests are often used in chicks to determine maternally-derived antibodies (MDA). We used a vaccine overdose-induced model of CIA. The model replicated the most common features of the disease. This model was used to determine the role of MDA in the protection of chicks. Hatchlings were tested for anti-CAV titers by ELISA and were sorted into groups based on antibody levels. SPF chicks were used as a no-antibody control. Lower specific antibody levels seemed to facilitate viral entry into the thymus, but viral levels, CD4+ and CD8+ counts, thymus architecture, and haematocrit were preserved by MDA, regardless of its levels. Levels of MDA are not correlated with protection from CIA, but are important for the progression CAV infection. •A model was established for studying Chicken Infectious Anemia.•It was used to determine the role of maternal antibodies in protection.•Antibodies were not necessary to reduce pathogenesis, but maternal immunity was.