Inhibition of leukocyte eicosanoid generation and radical scavenging activity by gnaphalin, a lipophilic flavonol isolated from Helichrysum picardii

• Published in: Planta medica Vol. 65; no. 6; pp. 507 - 511
• Main Authors: Puerta, R. de la, Forder, R.A, Hoult, J.R.S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany 01.08.1999
• Subjects: Animals; arachidonic acid; beta-glucuronidase; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - chemistry; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - isolation & purification; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Cytoplasmic Granules - enzymology; eicosanoids; Eicosanoids - metabolism; Flavonoids - chemistry; Flavonoids - isolation & purification; Flavonoids - pharmacology; flavonols; Free Radical Scavengers - chemistry; Free Radical Scavengers - isolation & purification; Free Radical Scavengers - pharmacology; free radicals; Glucuronidase - metabolism; Helichrysum; inflorescences; inhibition; leaves; leukocytes; Leukocytes - drug effects; Leukocytes - physiology; lipid bodies; lipid metabolism; lipid peroxidation; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors - chemistry; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors - isolation & purification; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors - pharmacology; lysozyme; medicinal plants; medicinal properties; metabolism; Muramidase - metabolism; oxidation; oxygen; Peroxidase - metabolism; peroxidases; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate - pharmacology; Xanthine Oxidase - metabolism; Spain
• ISSN: 0032-0943; 1439-0221
• DOI: 10.1055/s-1999-14005

The lipophilic aglycone 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone (gnaphalin) isolated from the aerial flowering parts of Helichrysum picardii Boiss. & Reuter (Asteraceae) was tested for interactions with the cyclo-oxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonate metabolism in stimulated rat peritoneal leukocytes, and for its effects on leukocyte granular enzyme release, cell viability and interactions with reactive oxygen species. Gnaphalin dose-dependently inhibited generation of the cyclo-oxygenase metabolite thromboxane B2 (IC50 = 39.9 +/- 3.9 microM), and of the 5-lipoxygenase metabolite leukotriene B4, although the potency was two-fold less (IC50 = 81.8 +/- 12.9 microM). At concentrations of 6 to 320 microM, gnaphalin did not affect secretion of the pro-inflammatory enzymes lysozyme, myeloperoxidase and beta-glucuronidase from the neutrophil secretory granules, and did not scavenge hydrogen peroxide or hypochlorous acid. However, gnaphalin effectively scavenged superoxide radicals generated in the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system (IC50 = 40 microM) and by PMA-stimulated leukocytes (> 60% at 500 microM), directly inhibited xanthine oxidase (85% at 395 microM) and inhibited Fe(3+)-ascorbate-induced liposomal peroxidation (IC50 = 215 microM). Thus, like some other flavonoids found in medicinal herbs, gnaphalin possesses an array of potentially beneficial anti-eicosanoid and free-radical scavenging properties which may alongside other constituents contribute to the claimed medicinal properties of the plant from which it is derived.