Hierarchical HRP-crosslinked silk fibroin/ZnSr-TCP scaffolds for osteochondral tissue regeneration: assessment of the mechanical and antibacterial properties

• Published in: Frontiers in materials Vol. 7; pp. 1 - 12
• Main Authors: Ribeiro, Viviana Pinto, Pina, Sandra Cristina Almeida, Gheduzzi, Sabina, Araújo, Ana C., Reis, R. L., Oliveira, Joaquim M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media 10.03.2020; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: Antibacterial adhesion; Hierarchical scaffolds; Horseradish peroxidase; Mechanical strength; Osteochondral regeneration; Science & Technology; Silk fibroin; ZnSr-tricalcium phosphate
• ISSN: 2296-8016; 2296-8016
• DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2020.00049

"Article 49" The biomaterials requirements for osteochondral (OC) defects restoration simultaneously include adequate mechanical behavior, and the prevention of bacterial adherence and biofilm formation, without impairing local tissue integration. Bilayered and hierarchical scaffolds combining a cartilage-like layer interconnected to an underlying subchondral bone-like layer appeared as innovative technological solutions able to mimic the native OC tissue hierarchical architecture. This study is focused on the assessment of the combined compression-shear stresses and possible bacterial biofilm formation of hierarchical scaffolds prepared from a horseradish peroxidase-crosslinking reaction of silk fibroin (SF) combined with zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr)-doped β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) for OC tissue regeneration. Scaffolds with undoped-β-TCP incorporation were used as control. Results showed that the bilayered scaffolds presented suitable aptitude to support compression and shear loading for OC tissue, with better mechanical properties for the ZnSr-containing structures. Young and shear moduli presented values close to 0.01 MPa in the region 10â 20% strain. The investigation of biomaterials surface ability to prevent biofilm formation showed reduced bacterial adhesion of Escherichia coli (E. coli, gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, gram-positive) on both scaffolds, thus suggesting that the proposed hierarchical scaffolds have a positive effect in preventing gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria proliferation. This research was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology for the Hierarchitech project (M-era-Net/0001/2014), and by the Research and Innovation Staff Exchanges (RISE) action (H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions) for the BAMOS project (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016- 734156). The authors also thank the funds provided under the distinctions attributed to JO (IF/01285/2015) and SP (CEECIND/03673/2017).