Prediagnostic Prescription Antibiotics Use and Survival in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Swedish National Register-Based Study
Abstract Background: Antibiotics use is associated with higher colorectal cancer risk, but little is known regarding any potential effects on survival. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study, using complete-population data from Swedish national registers between 2005 and 2020, to investigat...
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Published in | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention Vol. 32; no. 10; pp. 1391 - 1401 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
American Association for Cancer Research
02.10.2023
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Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Abstract
Background:
Antibiotics use is associated with higher colorectal cancer risk, but little is known regarding any potential effects on survival.
Methods:
We conducted a nationwide cohort study, using complete-population data from Swedish national registers between 2005 and 2020, to investigate prediagnostic prescription antibiotics use in relation to survival in colorectal cancer patients.
Results:
We identified 36,061 stage I–III and 11,242 stage IV colorectal cancer cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2019. For stage I–III, any antibiotics use (binary yes/no variable) was not associated with overall or cancer-specific survival. Compared with no use, moderate antibiotics use (total 11–60 days) was associated with slightly better cancer-specific survival [adjusted HR (aHR) = 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86–0.99)], whereas very high use (>180 days) was associated with worse survival [overall survival (OS) aHR = 1.42; 95% CI, 1.26–1.60, cancer-specific survival aHR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.10–1.55]. In analyses by different antibiotic types, although not statistically significant, worse survival outcomes were generally observed across several antibiotics, particularly macrolides and/or lincosamides. In stage IV colorectal cancer, inverse relationships between antibiotics use and survival were noted.
Conclusions:
Overall, our findings do not support any substantial detrimental effects of prediagnostic prescription antibiotics use on cancer-specific survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis, with the possible exception of very high use in stage I–III colorectal cancer. Further investigation is warranted to confirm and understand these results.
Impact:
Although the study findings require confirmation, physicians probably do not need to factor in prediagnostic prescription antibiotics use in prognosticating patients with colorectal cancer. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32:1391–401 |
ISSN: | 1055-9965 1538-7755 1538-7755 |
DOI: | 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-23-0340 |