Bearing Estimation for Indoor Localization Systems Using Planar Circular Photodiode Arrays

• Published in: Applied sciences Vol. 10; no. 11; p. 3683
• Main Authors: Zachár, Gergely, Vakulya, Gergely, Simon, Gyula
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 01.06.2020
• Subjects: Analysis; azimuth estimation; bearing estimation; Home; Methods; Orientation; Orientation (Psychology); photodiode array; position estimation; signal processing; Technology application; Triangulation; Hungary
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app10113683

An inexpensive bearing estimation sensor and a corresponding method has been recently proposed for indoor localization applications. The system utilizes modulated infrared LED sources as light beacons, and a planar circular photodiode array (PCPA) as sensor. The PCPA measures the light intensity of the beacons in multiple channels, from which the bearings of the beacons can be estimated using least squares (LS) method, with an accuracy in the range of 1 degree. In this paper a novel estimation method is proposed, which provides fast bearing estimates from the PCPA measurements using the frequency domain. The computational complexity of the novel method is orders of magnitude less than that of the LS solution, at the price of a slight decrease in accuracy. The performance of the PCPA is analyzed in the presence of reflections and the tilting of the sensor. The results demonstrate that the effect of reflections can be significant, while the tilting of the sensor has only a minor effect on the bearing estimation. The applicability of the measurement device in indoor localization applications is illustrated by real localization examples.