Personal deposited dose and its influencing factors at several Greek sites: an analysis in respect to seasonal and diurnal variations
The deposited dose in the human respiratory tract and its influencing factors were investigated for 8 urban/suburban locations within Greek cities. A dosimetry model (ExDoM2) was implemented assuming a 24-h exposure scenario to ambient PM 10 whereby regional deposition rates were obtained. Simulatio...
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Published in | Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 28; no. 23; pp. 29276 - 29286 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.06.2021
Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The deposited dose in the human respiratory tract and its influencing factors were investigated for 8 urban/suburban locations within Greek cities. A dosimetry model (ExDoM2) was implemented assuming a 24-h exposure scenario to ambient PM
10
whereby regional deposition rates were obtained. Simulations were performed considering three cases (Sahara dust, cold, and warm periods) with seasonal and diurnal variations examining the relative sources and other influencing factors in each case. Health risk indexes such as the relative risk and attributable fraction were also estimated. Overall, higher daily deposited dose was obtained for all urban compared with suburban locations (
p
< 0.05) and for cold compared with the warm periods (252–820 μg for cold period and 300–686 μg for warm period) for all locations. This finding was associated with increased deposition rate on cold period during evening/night hours, as a result of significant heating emissions. Besides that, most of the urban locations showed relative comparable deposition rates during the day, compared with the daily mean, for the two periods (cold and warm), indicating that urban-associated sources such as exhaust emissions and road dust resuspension contribute similarly to the deposited dose irrespectively of the season. Finally, the highest deposited dose was obtained during Sahara dust events ranged from 1881 to 4648 μg. |
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ISSN: | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11356-021-12815-y |