Change of Ginsenoside Composition in Red Ginseng Processed with Citric Acid

• Published in: Food science and biotechnology Vol. 19; no. 3; pp. 647 - 653
• Main Authors: Yi, J.H., Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea, Kim, M.Y., Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea, Kim, Y.C., Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea, Jeong, W.S., Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea, Bae, D.W., Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea, Hur, J.M., Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea, Jun, M.R., Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg The Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 01.06.2010; 한국식품과학회
• Subjects: ACIDE CITRIQUE; ACIDO CITRICO; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; CITRIC ACID; Food Science; GINSENOSIDE; GINSENOSIDES; GINSENOSIDOS; less polar ginsenoside; Nutrition; processed ginseng; red ginseng; Research Article; 식품과학; ginsenoside; citric acid; processed ginseng; red ginseng; less polar ginsenoside
• ISSN: 1226-7708; 2092-6456
• DOI: 10.1007/s10068-010-0091-1

The purpose of this research was to investigate the composition of ginsenosides and to identify the chemical structures of ginsenosides generated from red ginseng by citric acid pre-treatment (RGC). The amount and the composition of ginsenosides in red ginseng (RG) and RGC were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The content of Rg₃, a well-known bioactive ginsenoside in RGC increased significantly (p less than 0.05) over 2 fold (0.411 mg/g) when compared with RG (0.186 mg/g). Moreover, the structures of 5 novel ginsenosides in RGC were investigated by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. Three peaks were completely fragmentized from their mother ions to aglycones and suggested to be less polar ginsenosides Rk₃/Rh₄, Rk₁, and Rg∧5. This study suggested that by processing red ginseng with citric acid it is possible to enhance the yield of both ginsenoside Rg₃ and less polar ginsenosides.