Monitoring of copper accumulation in water, soil, forage, and cows impacted by heavy automobiles in Sargodha, Pakistan

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 28; no. 23; pp. 29110 - 29116
• Main Authors: Ahmad, Tasneem, Nazar, Sonaina, Ahmad, Kafeel, Khan, Zafar Iqbal, Bashir, Humayun, Ashfaq, Asma, Munir, Mudasra, Munir, Zunaira, Hussain, Khadim, Alkahtani, Jawaher, Elshikh, Mohamed Soliman, Nadeem, Muhammad, Malik, Ifra Saleem
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.06.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Atomic absorption analysis; Atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Automobiles; Blood; Blood levels; Cattle; Copper; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Forage; Metal concentrations; Metals; Motor vehicles; Pollutants; Pollution index; R&D; Research & development; Research Article; Roads & highways; Soil water; Spectral analysis; Spectrophotometry; Trifolium alexandrinum; Waste Water Technology; Water analysis; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Water sampling; Pakistan; Water; Soil; Cow; Copper (Cu)–contaminated forage; Blood; Heavy automobile
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12770-8

The instant endeavor was undertaken to monitor copper (Cu) contents in water, soil, forage, and cow’s blood impacted by heavy automobiles in Sahiwal town of district Sargodha, Pakistan. The samples were collected in triplicates with a total of 120 soil and water samples with corresponding forage samples. For the analysis of metal concentration in cows, 60 blood samples were collected from the cows feeding on these forages on selected sites. Metal contents were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that water samples contained mean values of Cu concentration ranged from 1.01 to 0.444 mg/kg at all sites. It was maximum at site 3 and minimum at site 6. The soil samples of all the forage fields showed Cu mean values concentration ranged from 1.94 to 0.286 mg/kg at all sites. It was maximum in Trifolium alexandrinum grown field at site 2, and minimum in Avena sativa at site 2. All the forage samples showed the mean value of Cu concentration ranged from 0.151 to 1.86 mg/kg at all sites. The concentration of Cu was maximum in Zea mays grown at site 5 and minimum in Trifolium alexandrinum at site 4. The cow blood samples showed the mean concentration of Cu ranged from 1.368 to 0.53 mg/kg at all sites. It was maximum at site 2 and minimum at site 6. Owing to the results of pollution index and transfer factors, metal content was found to be in permissible range in forages as well as animal samples.