Pre-treatment risk markers for hemorrhagic transformation in posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke treated with reperfusion therapy

• Published in: Journal of neurology Vol. 270; no. 11; pp. 5493 - 5501
• Main Authors: Ancelet, Claire, Neveü, Sophie, Venditti, Laura, Cortese, Jonathan, Chassin, Oliver, Pelissou, Coralie, Berthou, Elsa Talab, Babin, Matthias, Nasser, Ghaidaa, Benoudiba, Farida, Legris, Nicolas, Rivière, Mariana Sarov, Chausson, Nicolas, Spelle, Laurent, Denier, Christian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.11.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Disease management; Hemorrhage; Ischemia; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Morbidity; Neurology; Neuroradiology; Neurosciences; Original Communication; Reperfusion; Risk factors; Stroke; Thrombectomy; Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage; Ischemic stroke; Predictive factors
• ISSN: 0340-5354; 1432-1459
• DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11886-w

Background Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is an uncommon complication of posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (PCS) compared to anterior circulation stroke. Nevertheless, it remains a major concern especially following reperfusion therapy. This study aimed at identifying potential predictive factors associated with HT in PCS. Methods Consecutive patients, from a multicenter cohort, with PCS treated by IVT or EVT or the combination of both, were included from December 2015 to May 2019. The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study criteria was used to identify HT. Potential risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariable testing models. Results A total of 96 patients were included in our study. Median age was 66 (57–83) years, 54 patients (56%) were male and median baseline NIHSS was 8 (4–14). 77 patients (80%) received IVT and 54 patients (56%) benefited from EVT. HT occurred in 19 patients (20%), while sHT occurred in 3 patients (3%). HT was found to be associated with poor functional status at 3 months in univariate analysis ( p  = 0.0084). Multivariable analysis confirmed that higher baseline NIHSS (OR 1.1008; 95% CI [1.0216–1.1862]; p  = 0.0117) and lobar topography of ischemia (OR 4.4275; 95% CI [1.3732–14.2753]; p  = 0.0127) were independent predictors of the occurrence of HT. Discussion HT is associated with increased morbidity in patients with PCS; higher NIHSS and lobar ischemia were independent predictors of HT in our population. Easy-to-use predictive markers may help to tailor therapeutic management of patients with PCS.