The Experimental Role of Medicinal Plants in Treatment of Toxoplasma gondii Infection: A Systematic Review

• Published in: Acta parasitologica Vol. 66; no. 2; pp. 303 - 328
• Main Authors: Cheraghipour, Kourosh, Masoori, Leila, Ezzatpour, Behrooz, Roozbehani, Mona, Sheikhian, Ali, Malekara, Vahid, Niazi, Massumeh, Mardanshah, Omid, Moradpour, Kobra, Mahmoudvand, Hossein
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.06.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography; Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Chorioretinitis; Contamination; Drugs; Ecology; Encephalitis; Health services; Herbal medicine; Homeotherms; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunocompromised hosts; In vivo methods and tests; Medical Microbiology; Medicinal herbs; Medicinal plants; Microbiology; Natural products; Opportunist infection; Parasitic diseases; Parasitology; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Protozoa; Review; Side effects; Toxoplasma; Toxoplasma gondii; Toxoplasmosis; Toxoplasmosis - therapy; Medicinal plants; Herbal medicine; Systematic review; Treatment; Toxoplasma gondii
• ISSN: 1230-2821; 1896-1851; 1896-1851
• DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00300-4

Background Toxoplasma gondii is the global protozoa that could cause contamination in warm-blooded animals and is considered among the opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised patients. Among the people at risk, toxoplasmosis infection can lead to the incidence of severe clinical manifestations, encephalitis, chorioretinitis, and even death. Purpose The present research is focused on the new research for the treatment of toxoplasmosis parasitic disease using medicinal herbs. Methods The search was performed in five English databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar up from 2010 to December 2019. Studies in any language were entered in the searching step if they had an English abstract. The words and terms were used as a syntax with specific tags of each database. Results Out of 1832 studies, 36 were eligible to be reviewed. The findings showed that 17 studies (47%) were performed in vitro , 14 studies (39%) in vivo , and 5 studies (14%) both in vivo and in vitro . Conclusion The studies showed that the plant extracts can be a good alternative in reducing the toxoplasmosis effects in the host and the herbal extracts can be used to produce natural product-based drugs affecting toxoplasmosis with fewer side-effects than synthetic drugs.