Mitochondrial dynamics in exercise physiology

A growing body of evidence suggests that exercise shows pleiotropic effects on the maintenance of systemic homeostasis through mitochondria. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamism is associated with metabolic inflexibility, resulting in many of the metabolic diseases and aging. Studies have suggest...

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Published inPflügers Archiv Vol. 472; no. 2; pp. 137 - 153
Main Authors Tanaka, Tomohiro, Nishimura, Akiyuki, Nishiyama, Kazuhiro, Goto, Takumi, Numaga-Tomita, Takuro, Nishida, Motohiro
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.02.2020
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Aging
Animals
Autophagy
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Biosynthesis
Cell Biology
Exercise physiology
Homeostasis
Human Physiology
Humans
Invited Review
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Mitochondria, Muscle - metabolism
Mitochondrial Dynamics
Mitophagy
Molecular Medicine
Motor Activity
Neurosciences
Phagocytosis
Post-translation
Quality control
Receptors
Translation
Drug design
Redox biology
Metabolism
Mitochondrial dynamics
Quality control
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Summary:A growing body of evidence suggests that exercise shows pleiotropic effects on the maintenance of systemic homeostasis through mitochondria. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamism is associated with metabolic inflexibility, resulting in many of the metabolic diseases and aging. Studies have suggested that exercise prevents and delays the progression of mitochondrial dysfunction by improving mitochondrial metabolism, biogenesis, and quality control. Exercise modulates functions of mitochondrial dynamics-regulating proteins through post-translational modification mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the putative mechanisms underlying maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis by exercise, especially focusing on the post-translational modifications of several signaling proteins contributing to mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy or mitophagy flux, and fission/fusion cycle. We also introduce novel small molecules that can potentially mimic exercise therapy through preserving mitochondrial dynamism. These recent advancements in the field of mitochondrial biology may lead to a greater understanding of exercise signaling.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:0031-6768
1432-2013
DOI:10.1007/s00424-019-02258-3