Evaluation of Probiotic Properties of Novel Brazilian Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strains

• Published in: Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 160 - 174
• Main Authors: Coelho-Rocha, Nina Dias, de Jesus, Luís Cláudio Lima, Barroso, Fernanda Alvarenga Lima, da Silva, Tales Fernando, Ferreira, Enio, Gonçalves, José Eduardo, dos Santos Martins, Flaviano, de Oliveira Carvalho, Rodrigo Dias, Barh, Debmalya, Azevedo, Vasco Ariston de Carvalho
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.02.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: 5-Fluorouracil; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Antibacterial activity; Antibiotic resistance; Applied Microbiology; Bile salts; Body weight loss; Brazil; Caco-2 Cells; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Cytokines; Fluorouracil; Food intake; Gene expression; Humans; IL-1β; Inflammation; Interleukin 1; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; Lactobacillaceae; Lactobacillus plantarum - metabolism; Leukocytes (eosinophilic); Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Mice; Microbiology; Mucositis; Nutrition; Probiotics; Probiotics - pharmacology; Protein Science; Strains (organisms); Vancomycin; Brazil; Anti-inflammatory effect; Lactic acid bacteria; Antimicrobial activity; Probiotic potential; Intestinal mucositis; Stress tolerance
• ISSN: 1867-1306; 1867-1314
• DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09978-6

Beneficial effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains have been widely reported. Knowing that the effects of probiotic bacteria are strain-dependent, this study aimed to characterize the probiotic properties and investigate the gastrointestinal protective effects of nine novel L. plantarum strains isolated from Bahia, Brazil. The probiotic functionality was first evaluated in vitro by characterizing bile salt and acidic tolerance, antibacterial activity, and adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Antibiotic resistance profile, mucin degradation, and hemolytic activity assays were also performed to evaluate safety features. In vivo analyses were conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the strains on a mouse model of 5-Fluorouracil-induced mucositis. Our results suggest that the used L. plantarum strains have good tolerance to bile salts and low pH and can inhibit commonly gastrointestinal pathogens. Lp2 and Lpl1 strains also exhibited high adhesion rates to Caco-2 cells (13.64 and 9.05%, respectively). Phenotypical resistance to aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and tetracycline was observed for most strains. No strain showed hemolytic or mucolytic activity. Seven strains had a protective effect against histopathological and inflammatory damage induced by 5-FU. Gene expression analysis of inflammatory markers showed that five strains upregulated interleukin 10 ( Il10) , while four downregulated both interleukin 6 ( Il6 ) and interleukin 1b ( Il1b ). Additionally, all strains reduced eosinophilic and neutrophilic infiltration; however, they could not prevent weight loss or reduced liquid/ food intake. Altogether, our study suggests these Brazilian L. plantarum strains present good probiotic characteristics and safety levels for future applications and can be therapeutically adjuvant alternatives to prevent/treat intestinal mucositis.