Photobiomodulation effect on angiogenic proteins produced and released by dental pulp cells

• Published in: Clinical oral investigations Vol. 24; no. 12; pp. 4343 - 4354
• Main Authors: Vitor, Luciana Lourenço Ribeiro, Bergamo, Mariel Tavares Oliveira Prado, Lourenço-Neto, Natalino, Sakai, Vivien Thiemy, Oliveira, Rodrigo Cardoso, Cruvinel, Thiago, Rios, Daniela, Garlet, Gustavo Pompermaier, Santos, Carlos Ferreira, Machado, Maria Aparecida Andrade Moreira, Oliveira, Thais Marchini
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Angiogenic Proteins; Cell viability; Cells, Cultured; Dental Pulp; Dentistry; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Female; Fibroblast growth factor 2; Fibroblasts; Humans; Light therapy; Medicine; Original Article; Placenta; Placenta Growth Factor; Platelet-derived growth factor; Protein biosynthesis; Protein synthesis; Proteins; Secretion; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Fibroblast growth factor 2; Vascular endothelial growth factors; Low-level light therapy; Vital pulp therapy; Deciduous tooth; Angiogenesis factor
• ISSN: 1432-6981; 1436-3771
• DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03298-1

Objective To verify the photobiomodulation effect on angiogenic proteins produced and released by dental human pulpal fibroblasts (HPFs). Material and methods HPFs were irradiated with 660-nm low-level laser at fluences of 2.5 J/cm 2 and 3.7 J/cm 2 . The control group was not irradiated. MTT, crystal violet, and ELISA assays respectively verified viability, proliferation, and angiogenic protein (supernatant/lysate) at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after photobiomodulation. Capillary-like structure formation assay verified functional role. Two-way ANOVA/Tukey’s test and ANOVA/Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test respectively verified cell viability/proliferation and intragroup and intergroup comparisons of protein synthesis ( p  < 0.05). Results Irradiated and non-irradiated HPFs showed statistically similar cell viability and proliferation pattern. Intragroup comparisons showed similar patterns of protein synthesis for all groups: VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) increased significantly in the supernatant, while FGF-2 and VEGF-A increased significantly in the lysate. The lower fluence significantly increased BMP-9 (6 h) in the supernatant and VEGFR1 (6 h and 12 h) and VEGF-D (24 h) in the lysate, while the higher fluence significantly increased BMP-9 (6 h) in the supernatant and VEGFR1 (12 h) in the lysate. Regardless of the time, both fluences statistically downregulated placental growth factor (PLGF) and PDGF secretion. Both fluences statistically decreased VEGF-A secretion (24 h) and PLGF production (6 h). Conclusion Photobiomodulation produced stimulatory effects on angiogenic protein secretion by pulp fibroblasts. In terms of photobiomodulation, over time, both fluences significantly increased the secretion of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGFR1 and significantly upregulated BMP-9 (6 h) in the supernatant; for capillary-like structure formation, the fluence of 2.5 J/cm 2 was better than the fluence of 3.7 J/cm 2 . Clinical relevance This study results addressed effective photobiomodulation parameters tailored for pulp angiogenesis.