Intervention of mitochondrial activity attenuates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury

• Published in: International urology and nephrology Vol. 51; no. 7; pp. 1207 - 1218
• Main Authors: Yang, Yunwen, Fu, Yu, Wang, Peipei, Liu, Suwen, Sha, Yugen, Zhang, Yue, Zhang, Aihua, Jia, Zhanjun, Ding, Guixia, Huang, Songming
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.07.2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced; Acute Kidney Injury - metabolism; Acute Kidney Injury - pathology; Acute Kidney Injury - prevention & control; Animals; Apoptosis; Azoxystrobin; Caspase; Caspase-3; Cell injury; Chemotherapy; Cisplatin; Cisplatin - pharmacology; Creatinine; Cystatin C; Electron transport chain; Electron Transport Complex III - antagonists & inhibitors; Flow cytometry; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney - pathology; Kidney Function Tests - methods; Kidneys; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - metabolism; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase; Nephrology; Nephrology - Original Paper; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pyrimidines - pharmacology; Reactive oxygen species; Renal function; Rotenone; Rotenone - pharmacology; Strobilurins - pharmacology; Treatment Outcome; Uncoupling Agents - pharmacology; Urea; Urology; Western blotting; Mitochondrial activity; Oxidative stress; Cisplatin; AKI
• ISSN: 0301-1623; 1573-2584
• DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02113-5

Objectives The dysfunction of mitochondrial respiratory chain induced by cisplatin results in overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which contributes to kidney injury. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors of rotenone (mitochondrial complex I inhibitor) and azoxystrobin (mitochondrial complex III inhibitor), in cisplatin-induced kidney injury. Methods In vivo, cisplatin was administered to male C57BL/6J mice by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection (20 mg/kg). Then the mice were treated with or without 200 ppm rotenone in food. Mice were sacrificed after cisplatin administration for 72 h. The serum and the kidney tissues were collected for further analysis. In vitro, mouse proximal tubular cells (mPTCs) were treated with cisplatin (5 µg/mL) and rotenone/azoxystrobin for 24 h. Flow cytometry, Western blotting, and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the cell injury. Results In vivo, rotenone treatment obviously ameliorated cisplatin-induced renal tubular injury evidenced by the improved histology and blocked NGAL upregulation. Meanwhile, cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction shown by the increased levels of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and cystatin C were significantly reduced by rotenone treatment. Moreover, the increments of cleaved caspase-3 and transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were markedly decreased in line with the attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress after rotenone administration. In vitro, rotenone and azoxystrobin protected against mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and renal tubular cell apoptosis induced by cisplatin. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that inhibition of mitochondrial activity significantly attenuated cisplatin nephrotoxicity possibly by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress.