Multi-elemental Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Commercial Yerba Mate from Brazil
Consumption of yerba mate occurs mostly in the form of hot infusion ( chimarrão ). Water solubility of elements found in commercialized yerba mate is needed to establish nutritional value and risks associated with potentially toxic elements. In this study, yerba mate products marketed in three Brazi...
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Published in | Biological trace element research Vol. 200; no. 3; pp. 1455 - 1463 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
New York
Springer US
01.03.2022
Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Consumption of yerba mate occurs mostly in the form of hot infusion (
chimarrão
). Water solubility of elements found in commercialized yerba mate is needed to establish nutritional value and risks associated with potentially toxic elements. In this study, yerba mate products marketed in three Brazilian states (
Paraná
,
Santa Catarina
, and
Rio Grande do Sul
) for
chimarrão
were analyzed. Total (dry product) and hot water-soluble concentrations of Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, S, Se, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP–MS). Total concentrations of the ten top elements followed the order of K>Ca>Mg>Mn>P>S>Al>Fe>Ba>Zn. The most soluble elements were B, Cs, Ni, Rb, and K, with values greater than 80%. The lowest water-soluble elements were V, Fe, and Ti (values <10%), followed by Ba, Cd, Al, As, Sr, Ca, and Pb with solubility between 10 and 20%. Although total Cd levels in yerba mate products were often above those permitted by South America legislation, estimated daily consumption intake indicated no risk associated with the
chimarrão
beverage. Manganese was the micronutrient with the highest total and soluble levels in yerba mate, which surpassed recommended daily intake values when considering a consumption amount of 50 g day
−1
of yerba mate as
chimarrão
. The consumption of yerba mate is safe and contributes to intake of nutrients. The Cd and Pb reference values of yerba mate products sold in South America should be revised. |
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ISSN: | 0163-4984 1559-0720 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s12011-021-02736-9 |