The arbuscular mycorrhizal Paraglomus majewskii sp. nov. represents a distinct basal lineage in Glomeromycota

• Published in: Mycologia Vol. 104; no. 1; pp. 148 - 156
• Main Authors: Błaszkowski, Janusz, Kovács, Gábor M., Gáspár, Bence K., Balázs, Tímea K., Buscot, François, Ryszka, Przemysław
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 01.01.2012; Mycological Society of America
• Subjects: AMF specific PCR primers; ancestral lineage; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Base Sequence; DNA, Fungal - analysis; DNA, Fungal - genetics; Ecosystem; Ecuador; Fungal spores; Fungi; Glomeromycota; Glomeromycota - classification; Glomeromycota - genetics; Glomeromycota - ultrastructure; Hyalin; Hyphae; mycorrhizae; Mycorrhizae - classification; Mycorrhizae - genetics; Mycorrhizae - ultrastructure; Mycorrhizal fungi; Paraglomeraceae; Paraglomus; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Plant roots; Plantago - microbiology; Plantago lanceolata; Plants; Slavic culture; Spain; Spores, Fungal - ultrastructure; SYSTEMATICS; Ecuador; Spain
• ISSN: 0027-5514; 1557-2536
• DOI: 10.3852/10-430

Paraglomus majewskii sp. nov. (Glomeromycota) is described and illustrated. It forms single spores, which are hyaline through their life cycle, globose to subglobose, (35-)63(-78) μm diam, sometimes egg-shaped, 50-70 × 65-90 μm, and have an unusually narrow, (3.2-)4.6(-5.9) μm, cylindrical to slightly flared subtending hypha. The spore wall of P. majewskii consists of an evanescent, short-lived outermost layer, a laminate middle layer, and a flexible innermost layer, which adheres tightly to the middle layer. None of the spore wall layers stain in Melzer's reagent. In single-species cultures with Plantago lanceolata as the host plant P. majewskii formed arbuscular mycorrhizae staining violet in trypan blue. P. majewskii has been isolated from several, distant geographic regions and from different habitats. In phylogenetic analyses of partial nrDNA SSU and LSU sequences the fungus formed mono-phyletic group with Paraglomus species; however it represents a well separated distinct lineage. Its nrDNA sequences are highly similar to in planta arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal sequences from different habitats in Spain and Ecuador.