Immunomodulation of Antimicrobial Peptides Expression in the Gastrointestinal Tract by Probiotics in Response to Stimulation by Salmonella minnesota Lipopolysaccharides

• Published in: Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins Vol. 13; no. 4; pp. 1157 - 1172
• Main Authors: Mohammed, Elsayed S. I., Radey, Rasha
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.08.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Antimicrobial peptides; Antimicrobial Peptides - immunology; Applied Microbiology; Cecum; Cecum - immunology; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Chickens - immunology; Cytokines; Defensins; Epithelium; Experiments; Gastrointestinal tract; Gram-negative bacteria; Immunomodulation; Inflammation; Juveniles; Lipopolysaccharides; Localization; Male; Microbiology; Nutrition; Probiotics; Protein Science; Salmonella; Probiotics; Innate immunity; Cytokines; Avian beta defensins; Antimicrobial peptides; Salmonella minnesota
• ISSN: 1867-1306; 1867-1314
• DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09746-y

The aim was to determine whether probiotics-feeding can affect the expression and localization of avian beta defensins (AvBDs) and proinflammatory cytokines in response to Salmonella minnesota lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the gastrointestinal tract. One-day-old male Chunky broiler chicks were fed with or without 0.4% probiotics for 7 days (P-group and non-P-group, respectively). Then, they were orally challenged with no LPS (0-LPS), 1 µg LPS (1-LPS), or 100 µg LPS (100-LPS) ( n  = 5, each), in experiment 1, and with no LPS and 1 µg LPS ( n  = 6, each) in experiment 2. Five hours after LPS challenge, the proventriculi and ceca were collected. A total of seven and eight AvBDs were identified in proventriculus and cecum, respectively. The density of ir-AvBD12 in the surface epithelium of proventriculus increased in the P-group in response to 1-LPS and 100-LPS stimulation. In experiment 1, the expression of two AvBDs in the proventriculus and six AvBDs in the cecum of 1-LPS chicks was higher in P-group than in the non-P-group. Results of experiment 2 showed similar tendency to experiment 1. These results suggest that probiotics-feeding may enhance the immunodefense system mediated by AvBDs but not by cytokine, against infection by Gram-negative bacteria.