Oral granisetron for strabismus surgery in children

• Published in: Canadian journal of anesthesia Vol. 46; no. 1; pp. 45 - 48
• Main Authors: MUNRO, H. M, D'ERRICO, C. C, LAUDER, G. R, WAGNER, D. S, VOEPEL-LEWIS, T, TAIT, A. R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Toronto, ON Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society 1999; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetaminophen - therapeutic use; Administration, Oral; Airway management; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - therapeutic use; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage; Antiemetics - administration & dosage; Antiemetics - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Child; Child, Preschool; Cost control; Digestive system; Disease prevention; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Granisetron - administration & dosage; Granisetron - therapeutic use; Halothane - administration & dosage; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Isoflurane - administration & dosage; Ketorolac; Laryngeal Masks; Male; Medical sciences; Nitrous oxide; Pain, Postoperative - prevention & control; Patient Discharge; Pediatrics; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Placebos; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting - prevention & control; Strabismus; Strabismus - surgery; Surgery; Tolmetin - analogs & derivatives; Tolmetin - therapeutic use; Vomiting; Human; Postoperative; Granisetron; Strabismus; Oral administration; Nausea; Prevention; Eye disease; Chemotherapy; Vomiting; Surgery; 5-HT3 Serotonine receptor; Digestive diseases; Complication; Antagonist; Oculomotor syndrome; Child; Antiemetic
• ISSN: 0832-610X; 1496-8975
• DOI: 10.1007/BF03012513

To determine the efficacy of oral granisetron in preventing postoperative vomiting (POV) following strabismus repair in children. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 73 pediatric patients received either placebo, 20 micrograms.kg-1 or 40 micrograms.kg-1 granisetron po 20 min before induction of anesthesia. No premedication was given, induction was with halothane and all children breathed spontaneously via a laryngeal mask airway. Maintenance was with isoflurane without the use of opioids. Ketorolac and acetaminophen were used for analgesia. The number of episodes and the severity of vomiting and retching were recorded for the first 24 hr postoperatively, as was the use of rescue antiemetics. Granisetron 20 micrograms.kg-1 and 40 micrograms.kg-1 were more effective than placebo in reducing the incidence of POV during the first 24 hr (29% in both the granisetron groups vs 84% in the placebo group, P < 0.05). In addition, the number of children experiencing severe vomiting (> or = 3 episodes) was reduced in the granisetron 20 micrograms.kg-1 and 40 micrograms.kg-1 groups compared with placebo (4%, 8% and 48% respectively, P < 0.05). Patients in the granisetron group were discharged home earlier (105 min vs 124 min, P = 0.04). There was no difference in the incidence of POV between the two granisetron groups. Preoperative oral granisetron in a dose of 20 micrograms.kg-1 provided effective prophylaxis against POV in children undergoing stabismus repair.