Validation of a post-mortem computed tomography method for age estimation based on the 4th rib in a French population

• Published in: International journal of legal medicine Vol. 136; no. 3; pp. 833 - 839
• Main Authors: Richard, Marie-Edith, Delabarde, Tania, Hmeydia, Ghazi, Provost, Corentin, de Jong, Laura, Hamza, Lilia, Meder, Jean-François, Oppenheim, Catherine, Ludes, Bertrand, Benzakoun, Joseph
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.05.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Age; Age Determination by Skeleton - methods; Chronology; Computed tomography; Confidence intervals; Female; Forensic anthropology; Forensic Medicine; Forensic osteology; Humans; Legal medicine; Medical Law; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Original Article; Reliability analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Rib cage; Ribs - diagnostic imaging; Tomography; Forensic anthropology; Age estimation; Computed tomography; Sternal rib
• ISSN: 0937-9827; 1437-1596; 1437-1596
• DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02798-x

Age estimation is a key factor for identification procedure in forensic context. Based on anthropological findings, degenerative changes of the sternal extremity of the 4th rib are currently used for age estimation. These have been adapted to post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT). The aim of this study was to validate a post-mortem computed tomography method based on a revision of the Iscan’s method on a French sample. A total of 250 PMCT (aged from 18–98 years (IQR 36–68 years, median 51 years); 68 (27%) females) from the Medicolegal Institute of Paris (MLIP) were analyzed by two radiologists. The sternal extremity of 4th right rib was scored using method adapted from Iscan et al. Weighted κ was used to evaluate intra- and inter-observer reliability and Spearman correlation was performed to evaluate relationship between age and score. Confidence intervals for individual prediction of age based on 4th rib score and sex were computed with bootstrapping. The intra-observer reliability and inter-observer reliability were almost perfect (weighted κ  = 0.85 [95%CI: 0.78–0.93] and 0.82 [95%CI 0.70–0.96] respectively). We confirmed a high correlation between the 4th rib score and subject age (rho = 0.72, p  < 0.001), although the confidence intervals for individual age prediction were large, spanning over several decades. This study confirms the high reliability of Iscan method applied to PMCT for age estimation, although future multimodal age prediction techniques may help reducing the span of confidence intervals for individual age estimation. Trial registration: INDS 0,509,211,020, October 2020, retrospectively registered.