Vitamin D Presented In Vitro Immunomodulatory Property on T Lymphocyte-Related Cytokines in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

• Published in: Inflammation Vol. 46; no. 2; pp. 730 - 738
• Main Authors: Mariz, Henrique Ataíde, Sato, Emília Inoue, Cardoso, Pablo Ramon Gualberto, Gonçalves, Rafaela, Duarte, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto, de Melo Rego, Moacyr Jesus Barreto, da Rocha Pitta, Ivan, da Rocha Pitta, Maíra Galdino
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.04.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Calcitriol; CD28 antigen; CD3 antigen; Cell culture; Cytokines; Dexamethasone; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Female; Humans; Immunology; Immunomodulation; Immunoregulation; Inflammation; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 17; Interleukin 2; Interleukin 21; Interleukin 22; Interleukin 4; Interleukin 6; Interleukin 9; Interleukin-10 - pharmacology; Interleukin-2 - pharmacology; Interleukin-4 - pharmacology; Internal Medicine; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lupus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - drug therapy; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Middle Aged; Original Article; Pathology; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Rheumatology; Systemic lupus erythematosus; T-Lymphocytes; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - pharmacology; Vitamin D3; Vitamins; γ-Interferon; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; systemic lupus erythematosus; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; interferon-gamma; interleukins
• ISSN: 0360-3997; 1573-2576
• DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01768-0

Inflammatory T lymphocyte cytokines contribute to tissue damage in SLE patients. Vitamin D (Vit D) has a well-established immunomodulatory action, but few studies have addressed the effect of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25 (OH)2D3) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in SLE patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immnunomodulatory effect of 1,25 (OH)2D3 on T lymphocyte-related cytokines. Blood from 27 female SLE patients was collected for PBMC isolation and anti-DNA, complement, and serum 25 (OH)D3 level measurements. PBMCs were stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 in the presence or absence of dexamethasone or various concentrations of 1,25 (OH)2D3 for 48 h. We assessed IL-17A, IL-22, IL-21, IL-9, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF by cytometric bead assay (CBA) and enzyme immune assay (ELISA) on culture supernatant. The mean age of patients was 36.2 (± 10.5 years) and the median Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) was 4 (0–6). The addition of 1,25 (OH)2D3 in PBMC culture reduced IL-17 A, IL-22, IL-9, and IFN-γ levels at 100 nM ( p  ≤ 0.0001). Furthermore, the addition of 1,25 (OH)2D3 at all concentrations increased IL-4 ( p  ≤ 0.0006), and 0.1 and 1 nM increased IL-10 ( p  ≤ 0.0004) and 0.1 nM increased IL-2 levels ( p  ≤ 0.0001). There was no difference regarding IL-21 and TNF levels. The addition of 1,25 (OH)2D3 in PBMC culture presented an inhibitory effect on proinflammatory cytokines and increased immunoregulatory cytokines in SLE patients, suggesting the beneficial effect of this vitamin.