High plasma concentrations of vanin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease

• Published in: Heart and vessels Vol. 39; no. 1; pp. 10 - 17
• Main Authors: Kishimoto, Yoshimi, Saita, Emi, Ohmori, Reiko, Kondo, Kazuo, Momiyama, Yukihiko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tokyo Springer Japan 2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Angiography; Animal models; Animals; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Blood vessels; Cardiac Surgery; Cardiology; Cardiovascular disease; Coronary Angiography; Coronary artery disease; Coronary Artery Disease - complications; Coronary vessels; Cysteamine; Heart diseases; Humans; Inflammation - complications; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Multivariate analysis; Original Article; Oxidative stress; Pantothenic acid; Plasma; Risk Factors; Sexually transmitted diseases; STD; Vascular Surgery; Vein & artery diseases; Vanin-1; Biomarker; Coronary artery disease; Atherosclerosis
• ISSN: 0910-8327; 1615-2573
• DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02305-1

Vanin-1 is a pantetheinase that hydrolyzes pantetheine to pantothenic acid and cysteamine. Vanin-1 has become recognized to be associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. In animal models, vanin-1 was reported to accelerate atherosclerosis. However, no study has reported blood vanin-1 concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We investigated plasma vanin-1 concentrations in 388 patients undergoing elective coronary angiography for suspected CAD. Patients with acute coronary syndrome were excluded. Of the 388 study patients, CAD was found in 207 patients [1-vessel (1-VD), n = 88; 2-vessel (2-VD), n = 66; and 3-vessel disease (3-VD), n = 53]. Plasma vanin-1 concentrations were higher in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (median 0.59 vs. 0.46 ng/mL, P < 0.005). Vanin-1 concentrations in patients without CAD and those with 1-VD, 2-VD, and 3-VD were 0.46, 0.58, 0.57, and 0.61 ng/mL, respectively, and were highest in 3-VD (P < 0.05). A high vainin-1 concentration (> 0.48 ng/mL) was found in 46% of patients without CAD, 61% of 1-VD, 65% of 2-VD, and 66% of 3-VD (P < 0.01). Vanin-1 concentrations significantly correlated with the number of stenotic coronary segments (r = 0.14, P < 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, vanin-1 concentration was a significant factor associated with CAD independent of atherosclerotic risk factors. The odds ratio for CAD was 1.63 (95%CI = 1.04–2.55) for the high vanin-1 concentration of > 0.48 ng/mL. Thus, plasma vanin-1 concentrations in patients with CAD were found to be high and to be associated with the presence and severity of CAD.