Multi-walled carbon nanotube/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite with leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin for bone regeneration in sheep model

• Published in: Oral and maxillofacial surgery Vol. 26; no. 1; pp. 63 - 72
• Main Authors: Bastami, Farshid, Noori-Kooshki, Mohammad-Hadi, Semyari, Hassan, Tabrizi, Reza, Abrishamchian, Alireza, Mashhadi-Abbas, Fatemeh, Shahab, Shahriar, Seifalian, Alexander
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.03.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Durapatite; Female; Fibrin; Hydroxyapatite; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Nanocomposites; Nanotubes, Carbon; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Original Article; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Sheep; Tissue engineering; Sheep; Hydroxyapatite; Bone tissue engineering; Platelet-rich fibrin; Multi-walled carbon nanotube
• ISSN: 1865-1550; 1865-1569
• DOI: 10.1007/s10006-020-00933-9

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite (MWCNT/HA) granules with or without leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on bone regeneration in cancellous bone of sheep model. Methods Totally, 32 cylindrical holes were drilled in female sheep ( n  = 4) in the distal epiphysis and proximal metaphysis of right and left humerus and femur. The defects were randomly filled with (1) MWCNT/HA, (2) MWCNT/HA mixed with L-PRF, (3) L-PRF, and (4) left empty as control. After 8 weeks, defects were evaluated and compared radiographically using multi-slice computed tomographic (CT) scan and cone beam CT scans, histologically and histomorphometrically. Results The results showed that there was no significant inflammation (> 10%) or foreign body reaction around the granules. The new lamellar bone was regenerated around the MWCNT/HA nanocomposite granules. Addition of L-PRF to MWCNT/HA demonstrated significantly improvement of new bone formation, about 27.40 ± 1.08%, in comparison with the L-PRF alone, about (12.16 ± 1.46%) ( P  < 0.01). Also, the rate of new bone formation was significantly greater with the use of MWCNT/HA granules (24.59 ± 1.54%) compared to the control (10.36 ± 1.17%) ( P  < 0.01). Conclusion Consequently, both biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of MWCNT/HA nanocomposite were demonstrated in the preclinical sheep model, and the use of L-PRF in combination with MWCNT/HA nanocomposite can improve bone regeneration.