Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Rat Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

• Published in: Stem cell reviews and reports Vol. 16; no. 6; pp. 1256 - 1265
• Main Authors: Sherstyuk, Vladimir V., Yanshole, Lyudmila V., Zelentsova, Ekaterina A., Melnikov, Arsenty D., Medvedev, Sergey P., Tsentalovich, Yuri P., Zakian, Suren M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.12.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adenosine; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Cell Biology; Embryo cells; Embryo fibroblasts; Inositol phosphate; Life Sciences; Liquid chromatography; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Metabolic pathways; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Phenotypes; Phosphoserine; Pluripotency; Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering; Somatic cells; Stem cell transplantation; Stem Cells; Metabolomics; NMR; LC-MS; Reprogramming; Rat; Induced pluripotent stem cells; Embryonic stem cells; Pluripotency
• ISSN: 2629-3269; 2629-3277
• DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10052-3

Metabolomic profiles of somatic cells, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reflect their metabolic phenotypes. The comparative study of metabolomes of these cells is important for understanding the differences in metabolism between somatic and pluripotent cells, and also the possible differences between ESCs and iPSCs. Here, we performed for the first time the metabolomic analysis of rat ESCs, iPSCs, and embryonic fibroblasts (EFs) at both quantitative and semi-quantitative levels using NMR spectroscopy and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, respectively. The total of 106 metabolites has been identified, and the concentrations of 51 compounds have been measured. It is found that the reprogramming of rat EFs into iPSCs affects virtually all metabolic pathways and causes drastic changes in the cell metabolomic profile. The difference between ESCs and iPSCs is much less pronounced: the concentrations of the majority of metabolites in ESCs and iPSCs are similar, and significant differences were observed for only several compounds, including adenosine, cysteic acid, glycerophosphoglycerol, inositol phosphate, glucose, myo -inositol, phosphoserine, xanthosine, guanosine. The observed differences between the metabolomic compositions of ESCs and iPSCs do not influence the pluripotent ability of iPSCs. Graphical Abstract