Erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet and diode lasers in the treatment of peri‐implantitis: clinical and biochemical outcomes in a randomized-controlled clinical trial

• Published in: Lasers in medical science Vol. 37; no. 1; pp. 665 - 674
• Main Authors: Alpaslan Yayli, Nazli Zeynep, Talmac, Ahmet Cemil, Keskin Tunc, Serap, Akbal, Damla, Altindal, Dicle, Ertugrul, Abdullah Seckin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Springer London 01.02.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Chromium; Dentistry; Erbium; Gallium; Gelatinase B; Gingival index; Humans; Lasers; Lasers, Semiconductor - therapeutic use; Lasers, Solid-State - therapeutic use; Matrix metalloproteinase; Matrix metalloproteinases; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metalloproteinase; Optical Devices; Optics; Original Article; Peri-Implantitis - therapy; Photonics; Plaque index; Quantum Optics; Scandium; Semiconductor lasers; Therapy; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; Yttrium; Peri-implantitis; TIMP-1; Er,Cr:YSGG; Diode; Laser therapy; MMP-9
• ISSN: 0268-8921; 1435-604X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03436-5

This study aims to evaluate the effects of 940 nm diode laser and 2780 nm erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser used in addition to mechanical therapy in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis on clinical parameters and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) levels in the peri-implant crevicular fluid. A total of 50 patients with peri-implantitis were randomized into three groups to receive peri-implant treatment. The control group ( n  = 17) only received conventional non-surgical mechanical therapy. The trial groups [(diode group ( n  = 16) and Er,Cr:YSGG group ( n  = 17)] received dental laser in addition to mechanical therapy. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing, probing depth (PD), MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels were assessed at baseline (T0) and at 6 months after treatment (T1). The GI, PI, and PD significantly decreased in all groups at T1, compared to T0 ( p  < 0.05). The decrease in the PD was similar between the control and diode groups with Er,Cr:YSGG providing more reduction (1.16 ± 0.64 mm) than either method ( p  = 0.032). A significant intra-group decrease in MMP-9 level was only observed in the Er,Cr:YSGG group ( p  = 0.009). The decrease in TIMP-1 level from T0 to T1 was similar between the control and the diode groups ( p  > 0.05) and it was significantly lower than the decrease in the Er,Cr:YSGG group ( p  < 0.05). Addition of diode laser to non-surgical mechanical therapy does not provide any additional benefit for treatment outcomes. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser seems to be more efficient both at clinical and molecular levels. ClinicalTrials, ID: NCT04730687. Registered 13 April 2021. Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04730687