High Antioxidant Activity Mixture of Extruded Whole Quality Protein Maize and Common Bean Flours for Production of a Nutraceutical Beverage Elaborated with a Traditional Mexican Formulation

• Published in: Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht) Vol. 67; no. 4; pp. 450 - 456
• Main Authors: Reyes-Moreno, Cuauhtémoc, Argüelles-López, Oscar D., Rochín-Medina, Jesús J., Milán-Carrillo, Jorge, Rivera-López, Javier, Valdez-Ortiz, Angel, López-Valenzuela, José A., Gutiérrez-Dorado, Roberto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 01.12.2012; Springer
• Subjects: Antioxidants - analysis; Antioxidants - metabolism; Beverages; Biological and medical sciences; Cereal and baking product industries; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Dietary Supplements; Ecology; Fabaceae - chemistry; Flour; Food Handling; Food industries; Food Science; Fruit and vegetable industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Nutrition; Nutritive Value; Original Paper; Phenols - analysis; Phenols - metabolism; Plant Physiology; Plant Proteins - standards; Temperature; Zea mays - chemistry; Quality protein maize; Extrusion; Common bean; Nutraceutical beverage; Antioxidant activity; Cereal/legume mixture; Vegetables; Corn; Flour; Antioxidant; Mixture; Protein; Bean; Grain legume; Formulation; Quality; Production; Cereal; Beverage
• ISSN: 0921-9668; 1573-9104
• DOI: 10.1007/s11130-012-0324-y

The objective of this study was to determine the best combination of extrusion process variables for the production of whole quality protein maize (EQPMF) and common bean (ECBF) flours to prepare a high antioxidant activity mixture (EQPMF + ECBF) suitable to produce a nutraceutical beverage with high acceptability elaborated with a traditional Mexican formulation. Processing conditions were obtained from a factorial combination of barrel temperature (BT = 120–170 °C) and screw speed (SS = 120–200 rpm). Response surface methodology was applied to obtain maximum values for antioxidant activity ( A ox A ) of the flour mixture (EQPMF + ECBF) and acceptability ( A ) of the nutraceutical beverage. The best combinations of extrusion process variables for EQPMF and ECBF to prepare an optimized mixture (60%EQPMF + 40%ECBF) were BT = 98 °C/SS = 218 rpm and BT = 105 °C/SS = 83 rpm, respectively. The optimized mixture had A ox A  = 14,320 μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/100 g sample dry weight (dw) and a calculated protein efficiency ratio (C-PER) of 2.17. A 200 ml portion of a beverage prepared with 25 g of the optimized flour mixture had A ox A  = 3,222 μmol TE, and A  = 89 (level of satisfaction “I like it extremely”). This nutraceutical beverage could be used as an alternative to beverages with low nutritional/nutraceutical value, such as those prepared with water, simple sugars, artificial flavoring and colorants, which are widely offered in the market.