Mitochondrial phylogeography of a leafminer parasitoid, Diglyphus isaea (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in China

• Published in: Biological control Vol. 38; no. 3; pp. 380 - 389
• Main Authors: Sha, Zhong-Li, Zhu, Chao-Dong, Murphy, Robert W., Salle, John La, Huang, Da-Wei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.09.2006
• Subjects: COI; Cryptic species; cytochrome-c oxidase; Diglyphus; Diglyphus isaea; Divergence time; Entedion; Eulophidae; fossil insects; fossils; genes; Genetic variation; geographical variation; Hymenoptera; Isaea; leafminers; mitochondrial DNA; nucleotide sequences; parasitoids; phylogeny; Phylogeography; sequence homology; species complex; China; Cryptic species; Divergence time; COI; Genetic variation; Phylogeography; Diglyphus isaea
• ISSN: 1049-9644; 1090-2112
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.04.008

Diglyphus isaea is one of the primary parasitoids of agromyzid leafminers. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences from 10 Chinese localities were used to investigate geographic variation within this widespread and morphologically uniform parasitoid. Phylogeographic analyses and sequence variation indicated that this species was actually a species-complex. We used an amber fossil record of the genus Entedon (Eulophidae: Entedoninae) as a reference to estimate the divergence time of major clades within D. isaea. With reference to the fossil record of its hosts, our results indicate that associations between parasitoids and leaf-miners could have been possibly established 38.2 million years ago.