Vitamin D Status, Insulin Resistance, Leptin-To-Adiponectin Ratio in Adolescents: Results of a 1-Year Lifestyle Intervention

• Published in: Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences Vol. 4; no. 4; pp. 596 - 602
• Main Authors: Rambhojan, Christine, Larifla, Laurent, Clepier, Josiane, Bouaziz-Amar, Elodie, Velayoudom-Cephise, Fritz-Line, Blanchet-Deverly, Anne, Armand, Christophe, Plumasseau, Jean, Lacorte, Jean-Marc, Foucan, Lydia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Macedonia Institute of Immunobiology and Human Genetics 15.12.2016
• Subjects: Basic Science; Vitamin D deficiency; Insulin resistance; Leptin-to-adiponectin ratio; Adolescents; Lifestyle intervention
• ISSN: 1857-9655; 1857-9655
• DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2016.131

We aimed to study the relationships between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], insulin resistance and leptin-to-adiponectin (L/A) ratio in Guadeloupean children and adolescents and to analyse the changes in 25(OH)D levels after a 1-year lifestyle intervention program. 25(OH)D concentrations were measured via a chemiluminescence assay. Cardiometabolic risk factors, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and adipokines were measured. The lifestyle intervention included dietary counselling, regular physical activity. Among 117 girls and boys (11-15 years old, 31.6% obese), 40% had vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D levels < 20 ng/mL). With linear regression models where 25(OH)D and HOMA-IR acted as independent variables and age, sex, BMI, L/A ratio as covariates, 25(OH)D was significantly associated with HOMA-IR alone (P = 0.036). HOMA-IR was also associated with BMI z-score ≥ 2, L/A ratio and an interaction term BMI z-score ≥ 2*L/A ratio (P < 0.001 for all). After one year, in 78 children/adolescent, mean serum 25(OH)D increased significantly from 21.4 ± 4.9 ng/mL at baseline to 23.2 ± 6.0 after 1 year; P = 0.003 whereas BMI z-score, HOMA-IR and L/A ratio decreased significantly (P = 0.003, P < 0.001 and P = 0.012; respectively). The association between 25(OH)D and HOMA-IR, independently of obesity and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency should be considered in order to prevent the later incidence of T2DM. A healthy lifestyle including non-sedentary and outdoor activities could be a way for improving vitamin D status.