Best linear unbiased prediction of host-range of the facultative parasite Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. salsolae, a potential biological control agent of Russian thistle
Russian thistle or tumbleweed ( Salsola tragus L.) is an introduced invasive weed in N. America. It is widely distributed in the US and is a target of biological control efforts. The fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. f. sp . salsolae (CGS) is a facultative para...
Saved in:
Published in | Biological control Vol. 51; no. 1; pp. 158 - 168 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Elsevier Inc
01.10.2009
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | Russian thistle or tumbleweed (
Salsola tragus L.) is an introduced invasive weed in N. America. It is widely distributed in the US and is a target of biological control efforts.
The fungus
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. f. sp
. salsolae (CGS) is a facultative parasite under evaluation for classical biological control of this weed. Host-range tests were conducted with CGS in quarantine to determine whether the fungus is safe to release in N. America. Ninetytwo accessions were analyzed from 19 families: Aizoaceae, Alliaceae, Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Cactaceae, Campanulaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Cupressaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Sarcobataceae, and Solanaceae and 10 tribes within the Chenopodiaceae: Atripliceae, Beteae, Camphorosmeae, Chenopodieae, Corispermeae, Halopepideae, Polycnemeae, Salicornieae, Salsoleae, and Suaedeae. These included 62 genera and 120 species. To facilitate interpretation of results, disease reaction data were combined with a relationship matrix derived from internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences and analyzed with mixed model equations to produce Best Linear Unbiased Predictors (BLUPs) for each species. Twenty-nine species (30 accessions) from seven closely-related Chenopodiaceae tribes had significant levels of disease severity as indicated by BLUPs, compared to six species determined to be susceptible with least squares means estimates. The 29 susceptible species were: 1 from Atripliceae, 4 from Camphorosmeae, 1 from Halopepideae, 2 from Polycnemeae, 6 from Salicornieae, 8 from Salsolae, and 7 from Suaedeae. Most species in the genus
Salsola, which are all introduced and weedy, were very susceptible and damaged by CGS. Statistical comparisons and contrasts of BLUPs indicated that these
Salsola species were significantly more susceptible than non-target species, including 15 species from relatives in the closely-related genera
Bassia (=
Kochia),
Nitrophila,
Salicornia,
Sarcocornia, and
Suaeda. Of the 29 susceptible species, 10 native or commercially important species in N. America were identified as needing additional tests to determine the extent of any damage caused by infection. |
---|---|
Bibliography: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.06.003 http://hdl.handle.net/10113/35790 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1049-9644 1090-2112 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.06.003 |