The effects of vitamin D supplementation on proatherogenic inflammatory markers and carotid intima media thickness in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

• Published in: Endocrine Vol. 57; no. 1; pp. 51 - 59
• Main Authors: Salekzamani, Shabnam, Bavil, Abolhassan Shakeri, Mehralizadeh, Hossein, Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asghari, Ghezel, Aymaral, Gargari, Bahram Pourghassem
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.07.2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Biomarkers - blood; C-reactive protein; Calcium; Cardiovascular diseases; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell adhesion molecules; Clinical trials; Diabetes; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Double-blind studies; E-selectin; E-Selectin - blood; Endocrine Trials; Endocrinology; Female; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - blood; Interleukin 6; Internal Medicine; Male; Media; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - blood; Metabolic Syndrome - diagnostic imaging; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Parathyroid; Parathyroid hormone; Parathyroid Hormone - blood; Proteins; Science; Supplements; Treatment Outcome; Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - administration & dosage; Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives; Vitamin D - blood; Adhesion molecules; Inflammation; Vitamin D; Metabolic syndrome
• ISSN: 1355-008X; 1559-0100; 1559-0100
• DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1317-2

Purpose Metabolic syndrome may predispose to cardiovascular diseases. Since, in recent studies, vitamin D is advocated for cardioprotective roles, this study was designed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on proatherogenic inflammatory markers and common carotid intima media thickness in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Methods This randomized double blind clinical trial was conducted in Tabriz, Iran. Eligible subjects ( n  = 80) with metabolic syndrome were recruited thorough advertisement and randomized to receive either vitamin D (50,000 IU/week) or matching placebo for 16 weeks. Interlukin-6, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and common carotid intima media thickness were measured at the beginning and end of the study. The study was registered at http://www.irct.ir (code: IRCT201409033140N14). Results Sixteen weeks supplementation with vitamin D increased median of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] and mean calcium levels ( p  < 0.001) in the intervention group. There was also a significant difference in parathyroid hormone level at the end of the study ( p  < 0.001). Vitamin D treatment reduced IL-6 level after 16 weeks ( p  = 0.027). Compared to baseline, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin levels decreased significantly in vitamin D treated subjects; however, there were no significant differences between two groups. No effect of vitamin D supplementation was observed in either common carotid intima media thickness or high sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations at the end of the study ( p  > 0.05). Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation improved some proatherogenic inflammatory markers in subjects with metabolic syndrome. No changes of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and carotid intima media thickness were shown after 16 weeks.