New Labor Pain Treatment Options

• Published in: Current pain and headache reports Vol. 20; no. 2; p. 11
• Main Authors: Koyyalamudi, Veerandra, Sidhu, Gurleen, Cornett, Elyse M., Nguyen, Viet, Labrie-Brown, Carmen, Fox, Charles J., Kaye, Alan D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.02.2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acupuncture; Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical - methods; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Childbirth & labor; Complementary Therapies - methods; Drug therapy; Epidural; Female; Humans; Hydrotherapy; Internal Medicine; Labor Pain - psychology; Labor Pain - therapy; Labor, Obstetric; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Narcotics; Nerve Block - methods; Other Pain (N Vadivelu and A Kaye; Pain; Pain Medicine; Patient Satisfaction - statistics & numerical data; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pregnancy; Section Editors; Topical Collection on Other Pain; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; Treatment Outcome; Spinal; Epidural; Alternative therapy; Labor pain; Opiates; Patient controlled epidural analgesia; Patient controlled analgesia
• ISSN: 1531-3433; 1534-3081
• DOI: 10.1007/s11916-016-0543-2

Presently, the gold standard for pain control in laboring patients is neuraxial blockade, which includes a spinal, epidural, or a combined spinal-epidural technique. In conjunction with neuraxial blockade or by itself, some of the other agents employed related to labor pain include opioids, non-opioids, nitrous oxide, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), and distraction therapy. Alternative treatments include acupuncture, hypnotism, yoga, exercise during pregnancy, hydrotherapy, transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation, massage, and relaxation techniques. This review will focus on current updates and recent trends in labor pain management. Neuraxial management, pharmacotherapy, and newer alternative methods to mitigate labor pain are reviewed. Newer techniques in epidural analgesia include the dural puncture epidural technique, which needs further evaluation. There are limited published data on the use of acupuncture, hypnotism, yoga, exercise during pregnancy, hydrotherapy, transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation, massage, and relaxation techniques in the alleviation of labor pain. These alternative therapies maybe considered as an adjuvant as the analgesic efficiency is inferior to that provided by typical standard pharmacotherapy. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the role of immersion virtual reality in alleviating labor pain.