Determination of the Critical Micelle Concentration of Neutral and Ionic Surfactants with Fluorometry, Conductometry, and Surface Tension—A Method Comparison

Micelles are of increasing importance as versatile carriers for hydrophobic substances and nanoprobes for a wide range of pharmaceutical, diagnostic, medical, and therapeutic applications. A key parameter indicating the formation and stability of micelles is the critical micelle concentration (CMC)....

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of fluorescence Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 465 - 476
Main Authors Scholz, Norman, Behnke, Thomas, Resch-Genger, Ute
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.01.2018
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Analytical Chemistry
Anions
Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Biophysics
Biotechnology
Cations
Conductometry - methods
Diagnostic software
Diagnostic systems
Fluorescence
Fluorometers
Fluorometry - methods
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Ionic surface active agents
Micelles
Original Article
Signal detection
Surface Tension
Surface-Active Agents - analysis
Surface-Active Agents - chemistry
Surfactants
Surface Tension
Nile Red
Pyrene
Optical probe
Conductometry
CMC
Micelle
Fluorescence
Surfactant
DPH
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Summary:Micelles are of increasing importance as versatile carriers for hydrophobic substances and nanoprobes for a wide range of pharmaceutical, diagnostic, medical, and therapeutic applications. A key parameter indicating the formation and stability of micelles is the critical micelle concentration (CMC). In this respect, we determined the CMC of common anionic, cationic, and non-ionic surfactants fluorometrically using different fluorescent probes and fluorescence parameters for signal detection and compared the results with conductometric and surface tension measurements. Based upon these results, requirements, advantages, and pitfalls of each method are discussed. Our study underlines the versatility of fluorometric methods that do not impose specific requirements on surfactants and are especially suited for the quantification of very low CMC values. Conductivity and surface tension measurements yield smaller uncertainties particularly for high CMC values, yet are more time- and substance consuming and not suitable for every surfactant.
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ISSN:1053-0509
1573-4994
1573-4994
DOI:10.1007/s10895-018-2209-4