Structural characterization of Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 exopolysaccharide—antimicrobial potential and larvicidal activity on malaria and Zika virus mosquito vectors

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 25; no. 19; pp. 18604 - 18619
• Main Authors: Abinaya, Muthukumar, Vaseeharan, Baskaralingam, Divya, Mani, Vijayakumar, Sekar, Govindarajan, Marimuthu, Alharbi, Naiyf S., Khaled, Jamal M., Al-anbr, Mohammed N., Benelli, Giovanni
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.07.2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aedes - drug effects; Aedes - microbiology; Aedes - virology; Animals; Anopheles - drug effects; Anopheles - microbiology; Anopheles - virology; Anti-Infective Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Antioxidants; Aquatic insects; Aquatic Pollution; Aromatic compounds; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Bacillus licheniformis; Bacillus licheniformis - chemistry; Bacteria; Biocompatibility; Biodegradability; Biodegradation; Biofilms; Biofilms - drug effects; Biological activity; Biomedical materials; Cytotoxicity; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Ethanol; Food industry; Functional groups; Investigations; Larva - drug effects; Larvae; Larvicides; Malaria; Microorganisms; Microscopic analysis; Mosquito Vectors - drug effects; Mosquito Vectors - microbiology; Mosquito Vectors - virology; Mosquitoes; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Pathogens; Plasmodium falciparum - growth & development; Polymers; Polysaccharides; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - isolation & purification; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - pharmacokinetics; Probiotics; Proteus vulgaris; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Research Article; Saccharides; Spectrum analysis; Structural analysis; Sulfur; Superoxide; Toxicity; Tropical diseases; Vector-borne diseases; Vectors; Viruses; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Zika virus; Zika Virus - growth & development; Zoology; H-NMR; Insecticide; Pesticide; Dengue fever; Microbial pathogens; Exopolysaccharide; Drug development; Yellow fever; 1H-NMR
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2002-6

Microbial polysaccharides produced by marine species play a key role in food and cosmetic industry, as they are nontoxic and biodegradable polymers. This investigation reports the isolation of exopolysaccharide from Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 and its biomedical applications. Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 exopolysaccharide ( Bl -EPS) was extracted using the ethanol precipitation method and structurally characterized. FTIR and 1 H-NMR pointed out the presence of various functional groups and primary aromatic compounds, respectively. Bl -EPS exhibited strong antioxidant potential confirmed via DPPH radical, reducing power and superoxide anion scavenging assays. Microscopic analysis revealed that the antibiofilm activity of Bl -EPS (75 μg/ml) was higher against Gram-negative ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris ) bacteria over Gram-positive species ( Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus ). Bl -EPS led to biofilm inhibition against Candida albicans when tested at 75 μg/ml. The hemolytic assay showed low cytotoxicity of Bl -EPS at 5 mg/ml. Besides, Bl -EPS achieved LC 50 values < 80 μg/ml against larvae of mosquito vectors Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti . Overall, our findings pointed out the multipurpose bioactivity of Bl -EPS, which deserves further consideration for pharmaceutical, environmental and entomological applications.