Oxidative damage of mitochondrial respiratory chain in different organs of a rat model of diet-induced obesity

• Published in: European journal of nutrition Vol. 57; no. 5; pp. 1957 - 1967
• Main Authors: Yu, Hai-Tao, Fu, Xiao-Yi, Liang, Bing, Wang, Shuang, Liu, Jian-Kang, Wang, Shu-Ran, Feng, Zhi-Hui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.08.2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Diet; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Electron transport; Electron Transport - physiology; Guanosine; Heart; Heart diseases; Kidneys; Liver; Male; Malondialdehyde; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Membrane potential; Mitochondria - metabolism; Mitochondrial DNA; NADH; Nutrition; Obesity; Obesity - complications; Original Contribution; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - physiology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Rodents; Oxidative stress; Obesity; Mitochondria; Respiratory chain; Complex
• ISSN: 1436-6207; 1436-6215
• DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1477-0

Purpose Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the development of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Methods In this study, we dynamically observed the characteristics of mitochondrial damage in a rat model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). From the 2nd to the 10th week, animals were killed every 2 weeks and the heart, liver, kidney, and testicular tissues were harvested. Mitochondria were isolated and the activities of respiratory chain complexes I, II, III, and IV as well as the 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxy Guanosine content were determined. Reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were measured. Results Mitochondrial damages were observed in the heart and liver of DIO and DR rats, and the damages occurred later in DR group than that in DIO group. The mitochondrial membrane potential of heart and liver decreased in DIO and DR groups. The activity of the heart mitochondria complexes I, III, and IV (composing NADH oxidative respiratory) was higher in the early stage of DIO and lower in the end of week 10. The higher activity of the liver complexes I, III, and IV was found until the end of week 10 in DIO and DR groups, accompanied with enhanced oxidative stress. Besides, mitochondrial DNA damages were observed in all tissues. Conclusion In DIO rats, the heart mitochondrial dysfunction occurred first and the liver presented the strongest compensatory ability against oxidative stress.