The Inability of Older Adults to Recall Their Drugs and Medical Conditions

• Published in: Drugs & aging Vol. 32; no. 4; pp. 329 - 336
• Main Authors: Jones, GaToya, Tabassum, Vajeeha, Zarow, Gregory J., Ala, Thomas A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.04.2015; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Geriatrics/Gerontology; Humans; Internal Medicine; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mental Recall; Neuropsychological Tests; Original Research Article; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacotherapy; Prescription Drugs - therapeutic use; MMSE Score; Medication Reconciliation; Poor Recall; Cognitive Impairment; Health Literacy
• ISSN: 1170-229X; 1179-1969
• DOI: 10.1007/s40266-015-0255-z

Background/Objectives Previous research has shown that many older adults without known cognitive impairment are unable to recall basic knowledge about their medical history. We sought to determine whether older adult patients in our own clinic population were able to recall their drug regimens and medical conditions from memory. Methods Patients aged 65 years or older with no known cognitive impairment, dementia, or memory loss who were presenting for routine outpatient follow-up in our medical school neurology and general medicine clinics were recruited. Each patient was asked to recall the number and names of their presently prescribed drugs and their associated medical conditions. Each patient was also administered a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) cognitive screening test (range 0–30). Results Most patients were unable to recall their drug regimens or their medical conditions. Of 99 patients taking drugs, only 22 % correctly named their drugs from memory, and only 34 % correctly named their medical conditions associated with the drugs. Fewer than half (49 %) correctly recalled the number of drugs they were taking. Poor recall performance was evident even in high-cognitive (MMSE >27) patients. Conclusion The accuracy of recall memory in older adults regarding their drugs and medical conditions may be poor, which has important implications towards medication reconciliation within meaningful-use doctrine. Clinicians treating older adults should be very cautious before relying on their patients’ memories for accurate recall of their medical conditions, their drug regimens, and even the number of drugs they are taking.