Diagnosis and Management of Rhinosinusitis: Highlights from the 2015 Practice Parameter

• Published in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports Vol. 16; no. 4; p. 29
• Main Authors: Dass, Kathleen, Peters, Anju Tripathi
• Format: Journal Article Book Review
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.04.2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Allergology; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Bacterial Infections - diagnosis; Bacterial Infections - microbiology; Bacterial Infections - therapy; Chronic Disease; Endoscopy; Glucocorticoids - therapeutic use; Humans; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Omalizumab; Rhinitis (JJ Oppenheimer and J Corren; Rhinitis - diagnosis; Rhinitis - microbiology; Rhinitis - therapy; Section Editors; Sinusitis - diagnosis; Sinusitis - microbiology; Sinusitis - therapy; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Topical Collection on Rhinitis; Chronic rhinosinusitis; Nasal polyps; Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis; Acute rhinosinusitis; Antibiotic therapy; Biologic therapy
• ISSN: 1529-7322; 1534-6315
• DOI: 10.1007/s11882-016-0607-8

Rhinosinusitis is a commonly diagnosed disease in the USA. Rhinosinusitis is classified as acute, recurrent, or chronic (with or without nasal polyps). While acute rhinosinusitis is diagnosed by history and physical examination, chronic rhinosinusitis and recurrent acute rhinosinusitis are diagnosed based on symptoms and the presence of disease on either a sinus CT scan and/or endoscopy. Management of uncomplicated acute rhinosinusitis includes analgesics, saline irrigation, and/or intranasal steroids. Antibiotics and intranasal steroids are recommended for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Intranasal and oral steroids with antibiotics are recommended to treat chronic rhinosinusitis although the evidence for antibiotics is weak. Biologics such as omalizumab and mepolizumab are being investigated for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Surgery may be indicated in management of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis and rarely for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. This review discusses highlights of the updated 2014 practice parameter and up-to-date evidence from other literature sources.