Enrichment of an Israeli ethnic food with fibres and their effects on the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 74; no. 5; pp. 681 - 688
• Main Authors: Feldman, Nira, Norenberg, Clara, Voet, Hillary, Manor, Ester, Berner, Yishal, Madar, Zecharia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.11.1995
• Subjects: administration & dosage; Adult; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; blood; blood glucose; Blood Glucose - metabolism; blood plasma; Body Mass Index; body weight; Ceratonia siliqua; corn cobs; diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; dietary fiber; Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage; Dietary fibre; dough; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Ethnic Groups; Ethnicity; Female; Food, Fortified; fried foods; Glycaemic response; glycemic index; Humans; insulin; Insulin - blood; Insulinaemic response; Locust-gum fibre lowers glycaemic response; Lupinus albus; Male; Management. Various non-drug treatments. Langerhans islet grafts; Medical sciences; men; metabolism; Middle Aged; nutrition physiology; traditional foods; women; Asia; Israel; Dietary fibre; Insulinaemic response; Glycaemic response; Endocrinopathy; Human; Corn; Lupin; Supplemented diet; Non insulin dependent diabetes; Insulin; Traditional food stuff; Source; Feeding; Leguminosae; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Lupinus albus; Spermatophyta; Hormonal investigation; Dietary fiber; Ceratonia siliqua; Glycemia; Gum
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1079/BJN19950171

The effects of various sources of dietary fibre on the high glycaemic index of an Israeli ethnic food, melawach, were investigated in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Locust-bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum significantly decreased the glucose response to, and glycaemic index of, melawach in these diabetic subjects (P < 0·05). It also tended to decrease their insulinaemic response and insulinaemic index, but differences were not significant. Dietary fibre from lupin (Lupinus albus) and insoluble maize-cob fibre did not affect glucose and insulin levels in NIDDM volunteers. Subjects with a BMI < 30 kg/m2 exhibited similar glucose, but not insulin, responses to fibre. Locust-bean gum had no significant effect on glycaemic response in NIDDM subjects with a BMI > 30 kg/m2, whereas insulinaemic response decreased. The results indicate that foods containing the same nutrients in almost the same amounts, but differing in added dietary fibre, lead to different physiological responses in diabetic subjects. Furthermore, insulin response should be considered when fibre is incorporated into the diabetic's diet.